How to format your references using the ACM Transactions on the Web citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for ACM Transactions on the Web (TWEB). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R. Brooks. 2001. The relationship between matter and life. Nature 409, 6818 (January 2001), 409–411.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

William E. Paul and Ronald N. Germain. 2003. Obituary: Charles A. Janeway Jr (1943-2003). Nature 423, 6937 (May 2003), 237.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Liang Peng, Zhi-Gang Song, and Shun-Chang Jiao. 2014. Efficacy analysis of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on rare non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring complex EGFR mutations. Sci. Rep. 4, (August 2014), 6104.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Xiaolei Wang, Hui Zhu, Xuexia Liu, Fan Yang, and Xiurong Yang. 2013. Egg white coagulum: a precisely tailorable membrane for biomimetic multilevel structured nanomaterials. Sci. Rep. 3, (2013), 1464.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

André G. McDonald and Hugh L. Magande. 2012. Introduction to Thermo-Fluids Systems Design. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

[1]

Henk A. M. J. ten Have (Ed.). 2015. Bioethics Education in a Global Perspective: Challenges in global bioethics. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Giordano Koch, Maximilian Rapp, and Niclas Kröger. 2013. Harnessing the Innovation Potential of Citizens: How Open Innovation Can be Used to Co-develop Political Strategies. In Strategy and Communication for Innovation, Nicole Pfeffermann, Tim Minshall and Letizia Mortara (eds.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 63–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for ACM Transactions on the Web.

Blog post

[1]

Elise Andrew. 2014. Ever Wonder Why Your Poop is Sometimes Green? IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. 2011. Disadvantaged Business Enterprise Program: Assessing Use of Proxy Data Would Enhance Ability to Know If States Are Meeting Their Goals. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Gregory Mark Goldgof. 2017. Drug Target Discovery Using Designer Drug Sensitive Yeast. Doctoral dissertation. University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Ben Shpigel. 2016. At 8 Feet Tall, He Sat Down and Started Getting Noticed. New York Times, D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2, 4].
This sentence cites four references [2, 4, 6, 8].

About the journal

Full journal title	ACM Transactions on the Web
ISSN (print)	1559-1131
ISSN (online)	1559-114X
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications