How to format your references using the ACM Transactions on the Web citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for ACM Transactions on the Web (TWEB). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Angela R. McLean. 2013. Epidemiology. Coming to an airport near you. Science 342, 6164 (December 2013), 1330–1331.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J. Stuart B. Wyithe and Abraham Loeb. 2006. Suppression of dwarf galaxy formation by cosmic reionization. Nature 441, 7091 (May 2006), 322–324.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

G. S. Barsh, I. S. Farooqi, and S. O’Rahilly. 2000. Genetics of body-weight regulation. Nature 404, 6778 (April 2000), 644–651.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Jihuai Wu, Yan Li, Qunwei Tang, Gentian Yue, Jianming Lin, Miaoliang Huang, and Lijian Meng. 2014. Bifacial dye-sensitized solar cells: a strategy to enhance overall efficiency based on transparent polyaniline electrode. Sci. Rep. 4, (February 2014), 4028.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Lynn Margaret Batten. 2013. Public Key Cryptography. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

[1]

Felix Klein. 2012. The Theory of the Top Volume III: Perturbations. Astronomical and Geophysical Applications. Birkhäuser, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Dan Chiorean, Vladiela Petraşcu, and Ileana Ober. 2012. Using Constraints in Teaching Software Modeling. In Models in Software Engineering: Workshops and Symposia at MODELS 2011, Wellington, New Zealand, October 16-21, 2011, Reports and Revised Selected Papers, Jörg Kienzle (ed.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 25–39.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for ACM Transactions on the Web.

Blog post

[1]

Katy Evans. 2016. “The Hare Psychopathy Checklist”: The Test That Will Tell You If Someone Is A Sociopath. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. 1996. Space Shuttle: Need to Sustain Launch Risk Assessment Process Improvements. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Grant Coday Boyer. 2012. Best Practices for Student Success on the ACT. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Sophia Hollander. 2000. Hard Feelings. New York Times, D4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2, 4].
This sentence cites four references [4, 5, 7, 8].

About the journal

Full journal title	ACM Transactions on the Web
ISSN (print)	1559-1131
ISSN (online)	1559-114X
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications