How to format your references using the Achievements in the Life Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Achievements in the Life Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rothemund, P.W.K., 2006. Folding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns. Nature 440, 297–302.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hamanaka, R.B., Chandel, N.S., 2011. Cell biology. Warburg effect and redox balance. Science 334, 1219–1220.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ortega, F., Escaso, F., Sanz, J.L., 2010. A bizarre, humped Carcharodontosauria (Theropoda) from the lower cretaceous of Spain. Nature 467, 203–206.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Chanelière, T., Matsukevich, D.N., Jenkins, S.D., Lan, S.-Y., Kennedy, T.A.B., Kuzmich, A., 2005. Storage and retrieval of single photons transmitted between remote quantum memories. Nature 438, 833–836.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Inness, P., Dorling, S., 2012. Operational Weather Forecasting. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Goldberg, A.V., Zhou, Y. (Eds.), 2009. Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management: 5th International Conference, AAIM 2009, San Francisco, CA, USA, June 15-17, 2009. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Webster, M., 2015. Grenz Ray and Ultrasoft X-Ray Therapy, in: Panizzon, R.G., Seegenschmiedt, M.H. (Eds.), Radiation Treatment and Radiation Reactions in Dermatology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 73–87.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Achievements in the Life Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew, D., 2016. How The 18th-Century Steam Engine Helped Physicists Make A Quantum Breakthrough [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/physics/how-the-18th-century-steam-engine-helped-physicists-make-a-quantum-breakthrough/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1977. Questions Persist about Federal Support for Development of Curriculum Materials and Behavior Modification Techniques Used in Local Schools (No. HRD-77-49). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rodgers, R., 2017. Phylogenomic Analysis of Fundulidae Using RNA-Sequencing Data (Doctoral dissertation). Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander, S., 2009. On the Street of Superlatives. New York Times CY5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rothemund, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Hamanaka and Chandel, 2011; Rothemund, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hamanaka and Chandel, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Chanelière et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Achievements in the Life Sciences
ISSN (print)	2078-1520
Scope