How to format your references using the Achievements in the Life Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Achievements in the Life Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hwang, H.Y., 2006. Applied physics. Tuning interface states. Science 313, 1895–1896.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chinsamy, A., Elzanowski, A., 2001. Bone histology. Evolution of growth pattern in birds. Nature 412, 402–403.

A journal article with 3 authors

Herbst, J., Heyne, K., Diller, R., 2002. Femtosecond infrared spectroscopy of bacteriorhodopsin chromophore isomerization. Science 297, 822–825.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Pearce, J.A., Leat, P.T., Barker, P.F., Millar, I.L., 2001. Geochemical tracing of Pacific-to-Atlantic upper-mantle flow through the Drake passage. Nature 410, 457–461.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hersent, O., 2010. IP Telephony. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Margottini, C., Canuti, P., Sassa, K. (Eds.), 2013. Landslide Science and Practice: Volume 1: Landslide Inventory and Susceptibility and Hazard Zoning. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Vogel†, C., 2010. The True Egoist Is Cooperative, in: Frey, U.J., Störmer, C., Willführ, K.P. (Eds.), Homo Novus – A Human Without Illusions, The Frontiers Collection. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 51–63.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Achievements in the Life Sciences.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2015. One In Eight Children Currently At Risk Of Measles In The U.S [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/one-eight-children-currently-risk-measles-us/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2001. NASA: International Space Station and Shuttle Support Cost Limits (No. GAO-01-1000R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Borisova-Kidder, A., 2006. Meta-Analytical Estimates of Values of Environmental Services Enhanced by Government Agricultural Conservation Programs (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hartman, S., 2014. A New Life for Refugees, and the City They Adopted. New York Times A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hwang, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Chinsamy and Elzanowski, 2001; Hwang, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Chinsamy and Elzanowski, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Pearce et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Achievements in the Life Sciences
ISSN (print)	2078-1520
Scope