How to format your references using the Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

PRIEM, J. (2013), Scholarship: Beyond the paper. Nature 495, pp. 437–440.

A journal article with 2 authors

VELICER, G.J. & Y.-T.N. YU (2003), Evolution of novel cooperative swarming in the bacterium Myxococcus xanthus. Nature 425, pp. 75–78.

A journal article with 3 authors

SIGMAN, D.M., M.P. HAIN & G.H. HAUG (2010), The polar ocean and glacial cycles in atmospheric CO(2) concentration. Nature 466, pp. 47–55.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

BRIVANLOU, A.H., F.H. GAGE, R. JAENISCH, T. JESSELL, D. MELTON & J. ROSSANT (2003), Stem cells. Setting standards for human embryonic stem cells. Science (New York, N.Y.) 300, pp. 913–916.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

CHAUDHRY, A., D. COETSEE, E. BAKKER, S. VARUGHESE, S. MCILWAINE, C. FULLER, E. RANDS, N. DE VOS, S. LONGMORE & T.V. BALASUBRAMANIAN (2014), 2015 Interpretation and Application of International Financial Reporting Standards. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

MUNTEANU, L. (2005), 143 Introduction to Soliton Theory: Applications to Mechanics. S. Donescu, ed. Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

HOET, P.H.M., J. GEYS, A. NEMMAR & B. NEMERY (2007), Inhalation of Nanomaterials: Short Overview of the Local and Systemic Effects. In: P. P. Simeonova, N. Opopol, and M. I. Luster, eds., Nanotechnology – Toxicological Issues and Environmental Safety and Environmental Safety. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series. pp. 77–90. Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie.

Blog post

ANDREW, E. (2015), Fish Can Make Their Own Sunscreen. IFLScience. Available at: <https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/fish-can-make-their-own-sunscreen/>. Accessed 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE (1990), Higher Education: Gaps in Parents’ and Students’ Knowledge of School Costs and Federal Aid. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

SENK, J.M. (2015), The life stories of women warriors: An exploratory study of female student-veterans balancing the transition to college. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

SISARIO, B. (2017), DJ Khaled Hits Top Of Billboard Chart. New York Times p. C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Priem 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Priem 2013; Velicer & Yu 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Velicer & Yu 2003)
Three or more authors: (Brivanlou et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie
Abbreviation	Tijdschr. Econ. Soc. Geogr.
ISSN (online)	1467-9663
Scope	Economics and Econometrics Geography, Planning and Development

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