How to format your references using the Accident Analysis and Prevention citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Accident Analysis and Prevention. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marshall, E., 2008. Clinical trials and tribulations. Lemons, oranges, and complexity. Introduction. Science 322 5899 , 209.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hunt, T.L., Lipo, C.P., 2006. Late colonization of Easter Island. Science 311 5767 , 1603–1606.

A journal article with 3 authors

Berger, A.H., Knudson, A.G., Pandolfi, P.P., 2011. A continuum model for tumour suppression. Nature 476 7359 , 163–169.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Came, R.E., Eiler, J.M., Veizer, J., Azmy, K., Brand, U., Weidman, C.R., 2007. Coupling of surface temperatures and atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the Palaeozoic era. Nature 449 7159 , 198–201.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ramirez, J., 2011. Handbook of Corporate Equity Derivatives and Equity Capital Markets. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, UK.

An edited book

Michaelides, S. (Ed.), 2008. Precipitation: Advances in Measurement, Estimation and Prediction. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Bauer, M., 2007. Energy efficiency in Mexico — a bird’s eye view, in: Klapp, J., Cervantes-Cota, J.L., Chávez Alcalá, J.F. (Eds.), Towards a Cleaner Planet: Energy for the Future, Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 55–63.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Accident Analysis and Prevention.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2017. The Winners Of The 2016 Underwater Photography Competition Are Absolutely Amazing [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/the-winners-of-the-2016-underwater-photography-competition-are-absolutely-amazing/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2005. Office of Personnel Management: Retirement Systems Modernization Program Faces Numerous Challenges (No. GAO-05-237). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Anderson, C.W., 2009. Breaking journalism down: Work, authority, and networking local news, 1997–2009 (Doctoral dissertation). Columbia University, New York, NY.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B., 2016. A High-Tech Head Trip Through an Amazon Labyrinth. New York Times C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Marshall, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Hunt and Lipo, 2006; Marshall, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hunt and Lipo, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Came et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Accident Analysis and Prevention
Abbreviation	Accid. Anal. Prev.
ISSN (print)	0001-4575
ISSN (online)	1879-2057
Scope	Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality General Medicine Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Human Factors and Ergonomics Law