How to format your references using the World Journal of Surgical Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for World Journal of Surgical Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Tepass U. Developmental biology: Polarize to elongate. Nature. 2014;515:499–501.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Cheung KC, Gershenfeld N. Reversibly assembled cellular composite materials. Science. 2013;341:1219–21.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Cheianov VV, Fal’ko V, Altshuler BL. The focusing of electron flow and a Veselago lens in graphene p-n junctions. Science. 2007;315:1252–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Niwa Si S-I, Eswaramoorthy M, Nair J, Raj A, Itoh N, Shoji H, et al. A one-step conversion of benzene to phenol with a palladium membrane. Science. 2002;295:105–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Troppens U, Erkens R, Müller W. Storage Networks Explained. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2004.

An edited book

1. Brilly M, editor. Hydrological Processes of the Danube River Basin: Perspectives from the Danubian Countries. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Sykes P. Traffic Simulation with Paramics. In: Barceló J, editor. Fundamentals of Traffic Simulation. New York, NY: Springer; 2010. p. 131–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for World Journal of Surgical Oncology.

Blog post

1. O`Callaghan J. Elon Musk’s Hyperloop Is Actually Sort Of Happening [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/elon-musks-hyperloop-actually-sort-happening/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Vehicle Safety: Technologies, Challenges, and Research and Development Expenditures for Advanced Air Bags. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2001 Jun. Report No.: GAO-01-596.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Smith SM. The Relationship Between Political Affiliation and Student Achievement in the Areas of Reading and Mathematics, with Respect to Black Students [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Wells L. My Life in Pictures. New York Times. 2005 Oct 16;656.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	World Journal of Surgical Oncology
Abbreviation	World J. Surg. Oncol.
ISSN (online)	1477-7819
Scope	Oncology Surgery