How to format your references using the World Journal of Radiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for World Journal of Radiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kemp M. Science in culture: Leonardo lifts off. Nature 2003; 421: 792.

A journal article with 2 authors

Smith MR, Ortega-Hernández J. Hallucigenia’s onychophoran-like claws and the case for Tactopoda. Nature 2014; 514: 363–366.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nielsen LK, Bjørnholm T, Mouritsen OG. Fluctuations caught in the act. Nature 2000; 404: 352.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Daniels MA, Teixeiro E, Gill J, Hausmann B, Roubaty D, Holmberg K, Werlen G, Holländer GA, Gascoigne NRJ, Palmer E. Thymic selection threshold defined by compartmentalization of Ras/MAPK signalling. Nature 2006; 444: 724–729.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wright D. Using Commercial Contracts. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

An edited book

Melançon B. The Definitive Guide to Drupal 7. Berkeley, CA: Apress

A chapter in an edited book

Györffy B. Resistance-Associated Signatures in Breast Cancer. In: Dietel M, editor. Targeted Therapies in Cancer. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2007: 37–50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for World Journal of Radiology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Africa Is Within Reach Of Being Declared A Polio Free Region. IFLScience. 2015. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/africa-within-reach-being-declared-polio-free-region/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Department of Transportation: Enhancing Policy and Program Effectiveness Through Improved Management. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lew MM. Hydroxyl, Hydroperoxyl, and Organic Peroxy Radical Chemistry in Forested Areas: Measurements, Modeling and Implications for Atmospheric Chemistry. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gavin J. The Divine One. New York Times. 2017; : BR22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	World Journal of Radiology
ISSN (online)	1949-8470
Scope