How to format your references using the World Journal of Anesthesiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for World Journal of Anesthesiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Crame JA. Evolution. Time’s stamp on modern biogeography. Science 2009; 323: 720–721.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ibn-Elhaj M, Schadt M. Optical polymer thin films with isotropic and anisotropic nano-corrugated surface topologies. Nature 2001; 410: 796–799.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gilman RT, Nuismer SL, Jhwueng D-C. Coevolution in multidimensional trait space favours escape from parasites and pathogens. Nature 2012; 483: 328–330.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Kucharski R, Maleszka J, Foret S, Maleszka R. Nutritional control of reproductive status in honeybees via DNA methylation. Science 2008; 319: 1827–1830.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Serval J-F, Tranié J-P. The Monetary System. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

An edited book

Kizza JM (ed). A Guide to Computer Network Security. London: Springer

A chapter in an edited book

Debois S, Hildebrandt T, Slaats T. Concurrency and Asynchrony in Declarative Workflows. In: Motahari-Nezhad HR, Recker J, Weidlich M, editors. Business Process Management: 13th International Conference, BPM 2015, Innsbruck, Austria, August 31 -- September 3, 2015, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015: 72–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for World Journal of Anesthesiology.

Blog post

Davis J. One Of Africa’s Last Remaining ‘Giant Tusker’ Elephants Has Been Killed By Poachers. IFLScience. 2017. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/one-of-africas-last-remaining-giant-tusker-elephants-has-been-killed-by-poachers/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Certain Weaknesses in the Administration of the Neighborhood Youth Corps Out-of-School Project in Cleveland, Ohio. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Burnias MP. A qualitative study of familial factors that contribute to a positive coming out process. 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. Supreme Court Constrains Judges’ Power in Sentencing. New York Times. 2007; : A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	World Journal of Anesthesiology
ISSN (online)	2218-6182
Scope