How to format your references using the Wildlife Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Wildlife Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Moffatt, H. K. 2000. Euler’s disk and its finite-time singularity. - Nature 404: 833–834.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jewitt, D. C. and Luu, J. 2004. Crystalline water ice on the Kuiper belt object (50000) Quaoar. - Nature 432: 731–733.

A journal article with 3 authors

Akiyama, K., Matsuzaki, K.-I. and Hayashi, H. 2005. Plant sesquiterpenes induce hyphal branching in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. - Nature 435: 824–827.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bruno, A., Lembo, F., Novellino, E., Stornaiuolo, M. and Marinelli, L. 2014. Beyond radio-displacement techniques for identification of CB1 ligands: the first application of a fluorescence-quenching assay. - Sci. Rep. 4: 3757.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dooner, D. B. 2012. Kinematic Geometry of Gearing. - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

2014. Advances in Natural Deduction: A Celebration of Dag Prawitz’s Work (LC Pereira, EH Haeusler, and V de Paiva, Eds.). - Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Itterheim, S. and Löw, A. 2011. Your First Game. - In: Löw, A. (ed), Learn cocos2D Game Development with iOS 5. Apress, pp. 81–113.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Wildlife Biology.

Blog post

Andrew, D. 2011. Does Paracetamol In Pregnancy Cause Child Behavioural Problems? - IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 2004. Unfunded Mandates: Analysis of Reform Act Coverage.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chambers, S. 2008. Telecommunications megamergers: Impact on employee morale and turnover intention.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S. 2000. Restructuring At the Bolshoi Costs Director His Position. - New York Times: E1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Moffatt 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Moffatt 2000, Jewitt and Luu 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jewitt and Luu 2004)
Three or more authors: (Bruno et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Wildlife Biology
Abbreviation	Wildlife Biol.
ISSN (print)	0909-6396
ISSN (online)	1903-220X
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Nature and Landscape Conservation