How to format your references using the Weed Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Weed Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blomgren GE (2000) Electrochemistry. Making a potential difference. Nature 407:681–682

A journal article with 2 authors

Convey P, Stevens MI (2007) Ecology. Antarctic biodiversity. Science 317:1877–1878

A journal article with 3 authors

Rouse GW, Goffredi SK, Vrijenhoek RC (2004) Osedax: bone-eating marine worms with dwarf males. Science 305:668–671

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Li J, Yu T, Lin H-Q, You JQ (2014) Probing the non-locality of Majorana fermions via quantum correlations. Sci Rep 4:4930

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Armaroli N, Balzani V (2010) Energy for a Sustainable World. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA

An edited book

Boella G, Elkind E, Savarimuthu BTR, Dignum F, Purvis MK, eds. (2013) PRIMA 2013: Principles and Practice of Multi-Agent Systems: 16th International Conference, Dunedin, New Zealand, December 1-6, 2013. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. XVIII, 536 p. 158 illus p

A chapter in an edited book

Griesbach U, Malkowsky IM, Waldvogel SR (2010) Green Electroorganic Synthesis Using BDD Electrodes. Pages 125–141 in C Comninellis, G Chen, eds. Electrochemistry for the Environment. New York, NY: Springer

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Weed Technology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Deadly Boomslang Snake Venom Makes You Bleed From All Of Your Orifices Until You Die. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/deadly-boomslang-snake-venom-makes-you-bleed-all-your-orifices-until-you-die/. Accessed October 30, 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) DOD Business Systems Modernization: Important Progress Made in Establishing Foundational Architecture Products and Investment Management Practices, but Much Work Remains. GAO-06-219. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wulfsberg JC (2015) Singing Turkish, performing Turkishness: Message and audience in the song competition of the International Turkish Olympiad. Doctoral dissertation. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L (2009) Justice Unbound. New York Times:WK1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Blomgren 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Blomgren 2000; Convey and Stevens 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Convey and Stevens 2007)
Three or more authors: (Li et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Weed Technology
Abbreviation	Weed Technol.
ISSN (print)	0890-037X
ISSN (online)	1550-2740
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science Plant Science