How to format your references using the Watershed Ecology and the Environment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Watershed Ecology and the Environment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Burrows, A., 2005. A theoretical look at the direct detection of giant planets outside the Solar System. Nature 433, 261–268.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tokuriki, N., Tawfik, D.S., 2009. Protein dynamism and evolvability. Science 324, 203–207.

A journal article with 3 authors

Clark, T.A., Sugnet, C.W., Ares, M., Jr, 2002. Genomewide analysis of mRNA processing in yeast using splicing-specific microarrays. Science 296, 907–910.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Feldser, D.M., Kostova, K.K., Winslow, M.M., Taylor, S.E., Cashman, C., Whittaker, C.A., Sanchez-Rivera, F.J., Resnick, R., Bronson, R., Hemann, M.T., Jacks, T., 2010. Stage-specific sensitivity to p53 restoration during lung cancer progression. Nature 468, 572–575.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wright, D., 2016. Using Commercial Contracts. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Gupta, R.K., Reybroeck, W., van Veen, J.W., Gupta, A. (Eds.), 2014. Beekeeping for Poverty Alleviation and Livelihood Security: Vol. 1: Technological Aspects of Beekeeping. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Shafique, M., Henkel, J., 2011. Adaptive Low-power Reconfigurable Processor Architecture, in: Henkel, J. (Ed.), Hardware/Software Architectures for Low-Power Embedded Multimedia Systems. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 123–155.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Watershed Ecology and the Environment.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. “Mother” Robot Builds Evolving Babies [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2013. NextGen Air Transportation System: FAA Has Made Some Progress in Midterm Implementation, but Ongoing Challenges Limit Expected Benefits (No. GAO-13-264). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Baggio, B.G., 2008. Integrating social software into blended -learning courses: A Delphi study of instructional -design processes (Doctoral dissertation). Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander, S., 2000. Maryland Rides Second-Half Rally to Sixth Straight Title. New York Times D10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Burrows, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Burrows, 2005; Tokuriki and Tawfik, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tokuriki and Tawfik, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Feldser et al., 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Watershed Ecology and the Environment
ISSN (print)	2589-4714
Scope