How to format your references using the Water SA citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Water SA. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

MAYNARD H (2015) Chemical biology: Protein modification in a trice. Nature 526 (7575) 646–647.

A journal article with 2 authors

SIMPSON SJ and TRAVIS J (2007) Testing our defenses. Science (New York, N.Y.) 317 (5838) 611.

A journal article with 3 authors

POLITI A, MATTHEWS JCF and O’BRIEN JL (2009) Shor’s quantum factoring algorithm on a photonic chip. Science (New York, N.Y.) 325 (5945) 1221.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

GACHET Y, TOURNIER S, MILLAR JB and HYAMS JS (2001) A MAP kinase-dependent actin checkpoint ensures proper spindle orientation in fission yeast. Nature 412 (6844) 352–355.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

DOWRICK DJ (2005) Earthquake Risk Reduction. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

LEITE ER (2012) Crystallization and Growth of Colloidal Nanocrystals. Springer, New York, NY. VIII, 95 p. 36 illus., 22 illus. in color p.

A chapter in an edited book

DAS A (2007) Riemannian and Pseudo-Riemannian Manifolds. In: DAS A (ed.) Tensors: The Mathematics of Relativity Theory and Continuum Mechanics. Springer, New York, NY.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Water SA.

Blog post

ANDREW E (2015) China Develops World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Tram. IFLScience. URL: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/china-develops-worlds-first-hydrogen-powered-tram/ (Accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE (2016) Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle: Action Needed to Improve Visibility into Cost, Schedule, and Capacity to Resolve Technical Challenges. GAO-16-620. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

SHELLHOUSE K (2017) The Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary Deposit in LaSalle Parish, Louisiana. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

GREENHOUSE L (2015) The Supreme Court’s Death Trap. New York Times A23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Maynard, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Maynard, 2015; Simpson and Travis, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Simpson and Travis, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Gachet et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Water SA
Abbreviation	Water S. A.
ISSN (print)	0378-4738
ISSN (online)	1816-7950
Scope	Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Waste Management and Disposal Water Science and Technology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology