How to format your references using the Water Environment Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Water Environment Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nakata, D. (2014) Increased N-glycosylation of Asn⁸⁸ in serum pancreatic ribonuclease 1 is a novel diagnostic marker for pancreatic cancer. Sci. Rep., 4, 6715.

A journal article with 2 authors

Keene, W. C.; Pszenny, A. A. P. (2004) Comment on “Reactions at interfaces as a source of sulfate formation in sea-salt particles” (I). Science, 303 (5658), 628; author reply 628.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shankar, N.; Baghdayan, A. S.; Gilmore, M. S. (2002) Modulation of virulence within a pathogenicity island in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis. Nature, 417 (6890), 746–750.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Aoki, S. T.; Settembre, E. C.; Trask, S. D.; Greenberg, H. B.; Harrison, S. C.; Dormitzer, P. R. (2009) Structure of rotavirus outer-layer protein VP7 bound with a neutralizing Fab. Science, 324 (5933), 1444–1447.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kiehl, A. R.; Mays, M. B. C. (2016) Atlas for the Diagnosis of Tumors in the Dog and Cat; Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Ogden, R. W.; Steigmann, D. J. (Eds.). (2011) Mechanics and Electrodynamics of Magneto- and Electro-elastic Materials. CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 527; Vienna: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Shapiro, S. (2011) Foundations: Structures, Sets, and Categories. In: Foundational Theories of Classical and Constructive Mathematics The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science (G. Sommaruga, ed.), 97–110; Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Water Environment Research.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2015, August 26) Why Do Dogs Spin Around Before They Poop? IFLScience; IFLScience. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/why-do-dogs-spin-around-they-poop/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1991) Digests of Decisions of the Comptroller General of the United States, Vol. II, No. 5 ( No. 144236); Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Eskridge, R. D. (2012) Municipal government: Does institutional structural reform make a difference in local government? (Doctoral dissertation); Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Healy, J.; Schwartz, J. (2016, September 9) U.S. Suspends Pipeline Work in Tribes’ Path. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nakata, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Keene and Pszenny, 2004, Nakata, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Keene and Pszenny, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Aoki et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Water Environment Research
Abbreviation	Water Environ. Res.
ISSN (print)	1061-4303
ISSN (online)	1554-7531
Scope	Environmental Chemistry Water Science and Technology General Medicine

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