How to format your references using the Water Environment Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Water Environment Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fürstner, A. (2013) Teaching metathesis “simple” stereochemistry. Science, 341 (6152), 1229713.

A journal article with 2 authors

Theise, N. D.; Wilmut, I. (2003) Cell plasticity: flexible arrangement. Nature, 425 (6953), 21.

A journal article with 3 authors

Green, H. W., 2nd; Chen, W.-P.; Brudzinski, M. R. (2010) Seismic evidence of negligible water carried below 400-km depth in subducting lithosphere. Nature, 467 (7317), 828–831.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Schwartz, J. C.; Zhang, X.; Fedorov, A. A.; Nathenson, S. G.; Almo, S. C. (2001) Structural basis for co-stimulation by the human CTLA-4/B7-2 complex. Nature, 410 (6828), 604–608.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hurst, K. (2008) Primary Care Trust Workforce Planning and Development; Philadelphia, PA, USA: Whurr Publishers Ltd.

An edited book

Lee, R. (Ed.). (2015) Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications. Studies in Computational Intelligence, Vol. 578; Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Issar, G.; Navon, L. R. (2016) Drum, Buffer, Rope and Days of Inventory (DOI) Control. In: Operational Excellence: A Concise Guide to Basic Concepts and Their Application Management for Professionals (L. R. Navon, ed.), 21–24; Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Water Environment Research.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2015, April 10) Origins Of Mysterious Radio Wave Bursts Discovered. IFLScience; IFLScience. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/space/astronomical-quest-leads-ovens/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1992) Apprenticeship Training: Administration, Use, and Equal Opportunity ( No. HRD-92-43); Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pavuluri, V. K. (2014) Field Oriented Control of Induction Motors Based on DSP Controller (Doctoral dissertation); Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M. (1992, October 22) THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: The Democrats; Clinton’s Camp Says It Is Wary Of Perot Inroads. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Fürstner, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Fürstner, 2013, Theise and Wilmut, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Theise and Wilmut, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Schwartz et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Water Environment Research
Abbreviation	Water Environ. Res.
ISSN (print)	1061-4303
ISSN (online)	1554-7531
Scope	Environmental Chemistry Water Science and Technology General Medicine