How to format your references using the Visualization, Image Processing and Computation in Biomedicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Visualization, Image Processing and Computation in Biomedicine (VIPCB). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Di Lorenzo, E., Climate Science: The Future of Coastal Ocean Upwelling, Nature, vol. 518, no. 7539, pp. 310–11, February 19, 2015.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hannon, G. J. and Rossi, J. J., Unlocking the Potential of the Human Genome with RNA Interference, Nature, vol. 431, no. 7006, pp. 371–78, September 16, 2004.

A journal article with 3 authors

Longrich, N. R., Bhullar, B.-A. S. and Gauthier, J. A., A Transitional Snake from the Late Cretaceous Period of North America, Nature, vol. 488, no. 7410, pp. 205–8, August 9, 2012.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Peeters, F. J. C., Acheson, R., Brummer, G.-J. A., De Ruijter, W. P. M., Schneider, R. R., Ganssen, G. M., Ufkes, E. and Kroon, D., Vigorous Exchange between the Indian and Atlantic Oceans at the End of the Past Five Glacial Periods, Nature, vol. 430, no. 7000, pp. 661–65, August 5, 2004.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety, Tools for Making Acute Risk Decisions, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1994.

An edited book

Gaag, L. C. van der Ed., Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning with Uncertainty: 12th European Conference, ECSQARU 2013, Utrecht, The Netherlands, July 8-10, 2013. Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, XII, 536 p. 62 illus, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Nepple, K. G., Sandhu, G. S. and Kibel, A. S., Percent Free PSA, in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: PSA, Biopsy and Beyond, J. S. Jones, Ed., Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, pp. 51–60, 2013.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Visualization, Image Processing and Computation in Biomedicine.

Blog post

Andrew, E., Who Do You Think You Are? Most Detailed Genetic Map Of The British Isles Reveals All, IFLScience, March 20, 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, Air Force Pilots: U.S. Air Force Requirements, Inventory, and Related Data, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, NSIAD-88-163, Jun. 1, 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lytle, S. C., Giving Voice to the Past: New Editions of Select Repertoire of the 26th Regiment Band, North Carolina Troops, C.S.A, Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, M., And They’ll All Go Looking Good, New York Times, June 17, 2010.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Di Lorenzo, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Di Lorenzo, 2015; Hannon et al., 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hannon et al., 2004)
Three or more authors: (Peeters et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Visualization, Image Processing and Computation in Biomedicine
ISSN (online)	2162-3511
Scope