How to format your references using the Visual Cognition citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Visual Cognition. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mazzarello, P. (2000). What dreams may come? Nature, 408(6812), 523.

A journal article with 2 authors

MacCoun, R., & Perlmutter, S. (2015). Blind analysis: Hide results to seek the truth. Nature, 526(7572), 187–189.

A journal article with 3 authors

Navarrete, A., van Schaik, C. P., & Isler, K. (2011). Energetics and the evolution of human brain size. Nature, 480(7375), 91–93.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Canuto, M. A., Estrada-Belli, F., Garrison, T. G., Houston, S. D., Acuña, M. J., Kováč, M., Marken, D., Nondédéo, P., Auld-Thomas, L., Castanet, C., Chatelain, D., Chiriboga, C. R., Drápela, T., Lieskovský, T., Tokovinine, A., Velasquez, A., Fernández-Díaz, J. C., & Shrestha, R. (2018). Ancient lowland Maya complexity as revealed by airborne laser scanning of northern Guatemala. Science (New York, N.Y.), 361(6409).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nölte, J. (2005). ICP Emissionsspektrometrie für Praktiker. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Hartman, A., & Kreische, D. (Eds.). (2005). Model Driven Architecture – Foundations and Applications: First European Conference, ECMDA-FA 2005, Nuremberg, Germany, November 7-10, 2005. Proceedings (Vol. 3748). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Olesen, M. C., Hansen, R. R., & Larsen, K. G. (2016). An Automata-Based Approach to Trace Partitioned Abstract Interpretation. In C. W. Probst, C. Hankin, & R. R. Hansen (Eds.), Semantics, Logics, and Calculi: Essays Dedicated to Hanne Riis Nielson and Flemming Nielson on the Occasion of Their 60th Birthdays (pp. 88–110). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Visual Cognition.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2015, November 11). White Dwarf Has Rare Ring System After Ripping An Asteroid Apart. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/white-dwarf-rips-asteroid-apart-and-gets-shiny-ring-system/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2011). Aviation Safety: Enhanced Oversight and Improved Availability of Risk- Based Data Could Further Improve Safety (GAO-12-24). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Guedez, A. (2017). Developing Correlations for Velocity Models in Vertical Transverse Isotropic Media: Bakken Case Study [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines, G. G. (2016, August 2). At School, a ‘March’ Through the Civil Rights Movement in Visual Detail. New York Times, C5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mazzarello, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (MacCoun & Perlmutter, 2015; Mazzarello, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (MacCoun & Perlmutter, 2015)
Three authors: (Navarrete et al., 2011)
6 or more authors: (Canuto et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Visual Cognition
Abbreviation	Vis. cogn.
ISSN (print)	1350-6285
ISSN (online)	1464-0716
Scope	Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Cognitive Neuroscience Experimental and Cognitive Psychology