How to format your references using the Vision Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Vision Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Forde, A. (2005). The class of 2005. Germany: deciphering cellular processes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 310(5747), 519–520.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rivkin, A. S., & Emery, J. P. (2010). Detection of ice and organics on an asteroidal surface. Nature, 464(7293), 1322–1323.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ishikawa, H., Ma, Z., & Barber, G. N. (2009). STING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity. Nature, 461(7265), 788–792.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Tauriello, D. V. F., Palomo-Ponce, S., Stork, D., Berenguer-Llergo, A., Badia-Ramentol, J., Iglesias, M., Sevillano, M., Ibiza, S., Cañellas, A., Hernando-Momblona, X., Byrom, D., Matarin, J. A., Calon, A., Rivas, E. I., Nebreda, A. R., Riera, A., Attolini, C. S.-O., & Batlle, E. (2018). TGFβ drives immune evasion in genetically reconstituted colon cancer metastasis. Nature, 554(7693), 538–543.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Perry, D. E., & Haluska, M. J. (2016). Hiring Greatness. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Khaitan, S. K., McCalley, J. D., & Liu, C. C. (Eds.). (2015). Cyber Physical Systems Approach to Smart Electric Power Grid. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Maes, R. (2013). An Accurate Probabilistic Reliability Model for Silicon PUFs. In G. Bertoni & J.-S. Coron (Eds.), Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems - CHES 2013: 15th International Workshop, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, August 20-23, 2013. Proceedings (pp. 73–89). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Vision Research.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. (2014, September 18). Watch A Mongoose Fend Off Four Lions. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/watch-mongoose-fend-four-lions/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1990). Motor Vehicle Safety: NHTSA Should Resume Its Support of State Periodic Inspection Programs (RCED-90-175). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Martinez, J. (2013). Effective nonprofit collaborative networks [Doctoral dissertation]. Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Branch, J. (2017, June 13). No White House Visit? Actually, No Invitation. New York Times, B13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Forde, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Forde, 2005; Rivkin & Emery, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rivkin & Emery, 2010)
Three authors: (Ishikawa et al., 2009)
6 or more authors: (Tauriello et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Vision Research
Abbreviation	Vision Res.
ISSN (print)	0042-6989
Scope	Ophthalmology Sensory Systems