How to format your references using the Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Gresham D. Evolution: Fitness tracking for adapting populations. Nature 2015;519:164–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Sanchez V, Spector DH. Virology. CMV makes a timely exit. Science 2002;297:778–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Zeng Y, Ye Q, Shen W. Design principles for single standing nanowire solar cells: going beyond the planar efficiency limits. Sci Rep 2014;4:4915.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Schönbächler M, Rehkämper M, Halliday AN, Lee D-C, Bourot-Denise M, Zanda B, et al. Niobium-zirconium chronometry and early solar system development. Science 2002;295:1705–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Han CC, Akcasu AZ. Scattering and Dynamics of Polymers. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Geroimenko V, editor. Augmented Reality Art: From an Emerging Technology to a Novel Creative Medium. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Steinert M, Teufel S. The European Mobile Data Service Dilemma. In: Krogstie J, Kautz K, Allen D, editors. Mobile Information Systems II: IFIP International Working Conference on Mobile Information Systems, (MOBIS) Leeds, UK, December 6–7, 2005, Boston, MA: Springer US; 2005, p. 63–78.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy.

Blog post

[1]

Evans K. Tech Supergroup Team Up To Fight “Extreme” Hate Content On Social Media. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/tech-supergroup-team-up-to-fight-extreme-hate-content-on-social-media/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Bridge Safety: Structural Soundness of the Zilwaukee Bridge. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Templeton TH. The Impact of Emergent Information and Communication Technology on Peacebuilding. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Marx L. Amanda Pekoe and Christopher Lueck. New York Times 2011:ST13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy
ISSN (print)	2212-0971
Scope	Gastroenterology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging