How to format your references using the Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Schopper H. Islam and science: where are the new patrons of science? Nature 2006;444:35–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Miller JR, Simon P. Materials science. Electrochemical capacitors for energy management. Science 2008;321:651–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Våge S, Storesund JE, Thingstad TF. SAR11 viruses and defensive host strains. Nature 2013;499:E3-4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Weill M, Lutfalla G, Mogensen K, Chandre F, Berthomieu A, Berticat C, et al. Comparative genomics: Insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors. Nature 2003;423:136–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Shreves R. Joomla!® Bible. Indianapolis, IN, USA: Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

[1]

Schmitt C, Deisenhofer I, Zrenner B, editors. Catheter Ablation of Cardiac Arrhythmias: A Practical Approach. Darmstadt: Steinkopff; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Joung M, Baldick R, Kristiansen T. Generator Ownership of Financial Transmission Rights and Market Power. In: Rosellón J, Kristiansen T, editors. Financial Transmission Rights: Analysis, Experiences and Prospects, London: Springer; 2013, p. 129–55.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Teen Citizen Scientists are Giving us Inside Knowledge to Fight Disease. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/teen-citizen-scientists-are-giving-us-inside-knowledge-fight-disease/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Need for More Effective Management of Transportation Data Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1975.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Thomas Hurford CE. “In his arm the scar”: Medicine, race, and the social implications of the 1721 inoculation controversy on Boston. Doctoral dissertation. Ohio State University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Isherwood C. Pursuing Love and an Even More Elusive Goal. New York Times 2015:C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Video Journal and Encyclopedia of GI Endoscopy
ISSN (print)	2212-0971
Scope	Gastroenterology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging