How to format your references using the Vibrational Spectroscopy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Vibrational Spectroscopy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J.G. Omichinski, Biochemistry. Toward methylmercury bioremediation, Science 317 (2007) 205–206.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

B.A.A. Weaver, D.W. Cleveland, Comment on “A centrosome-independent role for gamma-TuRC proteins in the spindle assembly checkpoint,” Science 316 (2007) 982; author reply 982.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Z. Lin, A.B. Owen, R.B. Altman, Genetics. Genomic research and human subject privacy, Science 305 (2004) 183.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

B. Liu, X. Wang, H. Chen, Z. Wang, D. Chen, Y.-B. Cheng, C. Zhou, G. Shen, Hierarchical silicon nanowires-carbon textiles matrix as a binder-free anode for high-performance advanced lithium-ion batteries, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 1622.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

E. Moreau, T. Adali, Blind Identification and Separation of Complex-Valued Signals, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA, 2013.

An edited book

[1]

O.N. Tripathi, U. Ravens, M.C. Sanguinetti, eds., Heart Rate and Rhythm: Molecular Basis, Pharmacological Modulation and Clinical Implications, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

K.P. Ghatak, S. Bhattacharya, The DSL for III–V, Ternary and Quaternary Semiconductors Under External Photo-Excitation, in: S. Bhattacharya (Ed.), Debye Screening Length: Effects of Nanostructured Materials, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2014: pp. 109–131.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Vibrational Spectroscopy.

Blog post

[1]

A. Carpineti, Scientists Fail To Find Mysterious New Type Of Neutrino, IFLScience (2016).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Amtrak: Information on Amtrak’s Operating Expenses, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

P. Gupta, Enhanced acquisition of data in the presence of transfaulty nodes in a wireless sensor network, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

L.V. Green, Beds of State, New York Times (2006) 14WC15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Vibrational Spectroscopy
Abbreviation	Vib. Spectrosc.
ISSN (print)	0924-2031
Scope	Spectroscopy