How to format your references using the Veterinary Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Veterinary Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blakely, R.D., 2001. Neurobiology. Dopamine’s reversal of fortune. Science 293, 2407–2409.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mezbahul-Islam, M., Medraj, M., 2013. Phase equilibrium in Mg-Cu-Y. Sci. Rep. 3, 3033.

A journal article with 3 authors

Venditti, C., Meade, A., Pagel, M., 2011. Multiple routes to mammalian diversity. Nature 479, 393–396.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Thomas, H., Bozec, Y., Elkalay, K., de Baar, H.J.W., 2004. Enhanced open ocean storage of CO2 from shelf sea pumping. Science 304, 1005–1008.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Weverka, P., 2010. Microsoft® PowerPoint® 2010 All-in-One for Dummies®. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Bauer, E., Sigrist, M. (Eds.), 2012. Non-Centrosymmetric Superconductors: Introduction and Overview, Lecture Notes in Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Yajima, J., Sasaki, Y., Naito, Y., Iwasaki, T., Shimoyama, T., Kunihiro, N., Ohta, K., 2007. A New Strategy for Finding a Differential Path of SHA-1, in: Pieprzyk, J., Ghodosi, H., Dawson, E. (Eds.), Information Security and Privacy: 12th Australasian Conference, ACISP 2007, Townsville, Australia, July 2-4, 2007. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 45–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Veterinary Microbiology.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2015. An Enormous Blue Whale Has Washed Up On The Coast Of Oregon [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2016. Highlights of a Forum: Data and Analytics Innovation: Emerging Opportunities and Challenges (No. GAO-16-659SP). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gallegos, C.M., 2009. Shelter services for homeless older adults: A grant writing project (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gordon, M.R., Schmitt, E., 2017. Showdown Expected in the Euphrates Valley, but It’s Complicated. New York Times A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Blakely, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Blakely, 2001; Mezbahul-Islam and Medraj, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Mezbahul-Islam and Medraj, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Thomas et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Veterinary Microbiology
Abbreviation	Vet. Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	0378-1135
ISSN (online)	1873-2542
Scope	Microbiology General Medicine General Veterinary