How to format your references using the Veterinary Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Veterinary Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

von Bergmann, K., 2015. Physics. Magnetic bubbles with a twist. Science 349, 234–235.

A journal article with 2 authors

Buehler, M.J., Gao, H., 2006. Dynamical fracture instabilities due to local hyperelasticity at crack tips. Nature 439, 307–310.

A journal article with 3 authors

Moeller, S., Freiwald, W.A., Tsao, D.Y., 2008. Patches with links: a unified system for processing faces in the macaque temporal lobe. Science 320, 1355–1359.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Blättler, C.L., Claire, M.W., Prave, A.R., Kirsimäe, K., Higgins, J.A., Medvedev, P.V., Romashkin, A.E., Rychanchik, D.V., Zerkle, A.L., Paiste, K., Kreitsmann, T., Millar, I.L., Hayles, J.A., Bao, H., Turchyn, A.V., Warke, M.R., Lepland, A., 2018. Two-billion-year-old evaporites capture Earth’s great oxidation. Science 360, 320–323.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Safonov, V.O., 2007. Using Aspect-Oriented Programming for Trustworthy Software Development. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Akama, S. (Ed.), 2016. Towards Paraconsistent Engineering, Intelligent Systems Reference Library. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Mardiris, V., Chatzis, V., 2014. Image Processing Algorithms Implementation Using Quantum Cellular Automata, in: Rosin, P., Adamatzky, A., Sun, X. (Eds.), Cellular Automata in Image Processing and Geometry, Emergence, Complexity and Computation. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 65–84.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Veterinary Microbiology.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2017. Elon Musk’s SpaceX Held A Hyperloop “Pod Race” Competition [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1994. Weather Forecasting: Improvements Needed in Laboratory Software Development Processes (No. AIMD-95-24). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Parker, D.D., 2017. Uncovering Three Trumpet Works of Sofia Gubaidulina (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B., 2016. Review: A Crooked Cop Is Caught Between 2 Brutal Masters in ‘Asura: The City of Madness.’ New York Times C7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (von Bergmann, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Buehler and Gao, 2006; von Bergmann, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Buehler and Gao, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Blättler et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Veterinary Microbiology
Abbreviation	Vet. Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	0378-1135
ISSN (online)	1873-2542
Scope	Microbiology General Medicine General Veterinary