How to format your references using the Value in Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Value in Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Paddock S. Tech.Sight. Optical sectioning--slices of life. Science. 2002;295(5558):1319-1321.

A journal article with 2 authors

Singh BP, Cowie AL. Long-term influence of biochar on native organic carbon mineralisation in a low-carbon clayey soil. Sci Rep. 2014;4:3687.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hornbach MJ, Saffer DM, Holbrook WS. Critically pressured free-gas reservoirs below gas-hydrate provinces. Nature. 2004;427(6970):142-144.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wang T, Zhang J, Zhang X, Xu C, Tu X. Solution structure of the Big domain from Streptococcus pneumoniae reveals a novel Ca2+-binding module. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1079.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rajagopal R. Sustainable Value Creation in the Fine and Speciality Chemicals Industry. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Murty MN, He X, Chillarige RR, Weng P, eds. Multi-Disciplinary Trends in Artificial Intelligence: 8th International Workshop, MIWAI 2014, Bangalore, India, December 8-10, 2014. Proceedings. Vol 8875. Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Scheurich D, Stuerzlinger W. A One-Handed Multi-touch Method for 3D Rotations. In: Kotzé P, Marsden G, Lindgaard G, Wesson J, Winckler M, eds. Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2013: 14th IFIP TC 13 International Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, September 2-6, 2013, Proceedings, Part I. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer; 2013:56-69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Value in Health.

Blog post

Andrews R. Scotland To Construct World’s Largest Floating Wind Farm. IFLScience. Published November 3, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/scotland-construct-worlds-largest-offshore-wind-farm/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Management Agenda for the Presidential and Congressional Transition: Improve Federal Performance to Better Achieve Results. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Miller A. Group Mentoring Program to Empower Transitional-Aged Youth: A Grant Proposal. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Decade Later, Waltrip Deals With a Crash At Daytona. New York Times. February 17, 2011:B13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Value in Health
Abbreviation	Value Health
ISSN (print)	1098-3015
Scope	Health Policy Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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