How to format your references using the Value in Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Value in Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Makovicky E. Comment on “Decagonal and quasi-crystalline tilings in medieval Islamic architecture.” Science. 2007;318(5855):1383; author reply 1383.

A journal article with 2 authors

Aaronson DS, Horvath CM. A road map for those who don’t know JAK-STAT. Science. 2002;296(5573):1653-1655.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ferrand Y, Crump MP, Davis AP. A synthetic lectin analog for biomimetic disaccharide recognition. Science. 2007;318(5850):619-622.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Vassylyev DG, Vassylyeva MN, Zhang J, Palangat M, Artsimovitch I, Landick R. Structural basis for substrate loading in bacterial RNA polymerase. Nature. 2007;448(7150):163-168.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Walter RJ. Practical Compliance with the EPA Risk Management Program. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1998.

An edited book

Stollkleemann S, Welp M, eds. Stakeholder Dialogues in Natural Resources Management: Theory and Practice. Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Winter H. Kinetic Electron Emission for Grazing Scattering of Atoms and Ions from Surfaces. In: Burgdörfer J, ed. Slow Heavy-Particle Induced Electron Emission from Solid Surfaces. Springer Tracts in Modern Physics. Springer; 2007:113-151.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Value in Health.

Blog post

Andrew E. Watch As Great White Shark Steals Bag of Chum From Boat. IFLScience. June 23, 2014. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/watch-great-white-shark-steals-bag-chum-boat/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Procedures and Policies of the Energy Research and Development Administration. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wood RD. Correlation of Conductor Leadership Style, Musician Employment Status, Organizational Participation to Orchestra Musician Job Satisfaction. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW. Puerto Rico Asks for Help, With Creditors in Pursuit. New York Times. January 9, 2016:B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Value in Health
Abbreviation	Value Health
ISSN (print)	1098-3015
Scope	Health Policy Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health