How to format your references using the Value in Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Value in Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Jacobson MZ. Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols. Nature. 2001;409(6821):695-697.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rosen ED, Spiegelman BM. Adipocytes as regulators of energy balance and glucose homeostasis. Nature. 2006;444(7121):847-853.

A journal article with 3 authors

Srianand R, Petitjean P, Ledoux C. The cosmic microwave background radiation temperature at a redshift of 2.34. Nature. 2000;408(6815):931-935.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Namiki Y, Ueyama T, Yoshida T, Watanabe R, Koido S, Namiki T. Hybrid micro-particles as a magnetically-guidable decontaminant for cesium-eluted ash slurry. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6294.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wong KD. Fundamentals of Wireless Communication Engineering Technologies. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Bonavida B, ed. Resistance to Immunotherapeutic Antibodies in Cancer: Strategies to Overcome Resistance. Vol 2. Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Kikuchi M, Azumi M. Low Frequency Collective Motions in Tokamak. In: Azumi M, ed. Frontiers in Fusion Research II: Introduction to Modern Tokamak Physics. Springer International Publishing; 2015:115-156.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Value in Health.

Blog post

Luntz S. How Soy Fights Breast Cancer. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Student Eligibility and Other Problems in Federally Funded and Operated Schools in Puerto Rico. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1979.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tan C. Conceptualizing Psychological History: Edgar Allan Poe and the Themes of the Normal and the Pathological, Life and Death. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. Bush Appeals to Justices on Detainees Case. New York Times. February 15, 2008:A17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Value in Health
Abbreviation	Value Health
ISSN (print)	1098-3015
Scope	Health Policy Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health