How to format your references using the Urological Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Urological Science (UROLS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Korgel BA. Materials science. Nanosprings take shape. Science 2005;309(5741):1683–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Laflamme MA., Murry CE. Heart regeneration. Nature 2011;473(7347):326–35.

A journal article with 3 authors

David SS., O’Shea VL., Kundu S. Base-excision repair of oxidative DNA damage. Nature 2007;447(7147):941–50.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Furnes H., Banerjee NR., Muehlenbachs K., Staudigel H., de Wit M. Early life recorded in archean pillow lavas. Science 2004;304(5670):578–81.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cliteur P. The Secular Outlook, Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.

An edited book

Formaggia L., Quarteroni A., Veneziani A. Cardiovascular Mathematics: Modeling and simulation of the circulatory system, vol. 1, Milano: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Stolier A. Surgical Considerations in Partial Breast Irradiation. In: Wazer DE, Arthur DW, and Vicini FA, editors. Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation: Techniques and Clinical Implementation, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009, p. 59–72.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Urological Science.

Blog post

Davis J. How Did Carnivorous Plants Evolve Their Taste For Meat? IFLScience. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/how-did-carnivorous-plants-evolve-their-taste-for-meat/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. President’s Sixth Special Message for Fiscal Year 1985, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kim B. Essays in the Dynamics Bayesian Models in Marketing. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly K., Appelbaum B. Yellen and Trump Aide Are Said to Be on Shortlist for New Leader of the Fed. New York Times 2017:A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Urological Science
Abbreviation	Urol. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1879-5226
Scope	Urology