How to format your references using the Urological Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Urological Science (UROLS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Goldston D. Making room for dissent. Nature 2007;448(7153):524.

A journal article with 2 authors

Houk KN., Cheong PH-Y. Computational prediction of small-molecule catalysts. Nature 2008;455(7211):309–13.

A journal article with 3 authors

Okita K., Ichisaka T., Yamanaka S. Generation of germline-competent induced pluripotent stem cells. Nature 2007;448(7151):313–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Bandyopadhyay S., Mehta M., Kuo D., Sung M-K., Chuang R., Jaehnig EJ., et al. Rewiring of genetic networks in response to DNA damage. Science 2010;330(6009):1385–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Beecken WH., Beecken CA. Fraud Examination Casebook with Documents, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

Hibbert KM., Chhem RK., Deven T van., Wang S-C. Radiology Education: The Evaluation and Assessment of Clinical Competence, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Karmakar A. E-Governance and Its Role in Infrastructure Services of UAE, Case Study—Dubai. In: Vinod Kumar TM, editor. E-Governance for Smart Cities, Singapore: Springer; 2015, p. 81–97.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Urological Science.

Blog post

Hamilton K. Exxon’s Rex Tillerson And The Rise Of Big Oil In American Politics. IFLScience. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/exxons-rex-tillerson-and-the-rise-of-big-oil-in-american-politics/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Ready Reserve Force: Ship Readiness Has Improved, but Other Concerns Remain, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Okada T. Corporate culture and organizational efficiency in the competitive international market. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly S. The Canadiens; and Soul Hockey No Politics on Ice Flyers a Different Breed. New York Times 1978:SportsS2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Urological Science
Abbreviation	Urol. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1879-5226
Scope	Urology