How to format your references using the Urologia Internationalis citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Urologia Internationalis. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tour JM. Materials chemistry: Seeds of selective nanotube growth. Nature. 2014 Aug;512(7512):30–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Class C, Goldstein SL. Evolution of helium isotopes in the Earth’s mantle. Nature. 2005 Aug;436(7054):1107–12.

A journal article with 3 authors

Martini IB, Barthel ER, Schwartz BJ. Optical control of electrons during electron transfer. Science. 2001 Jul;293(5529):462–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hsueh YP, Wang TF, Yang FC, Sheng M. Nuclear translocation and transcription regulation by the membrane-associated guanylate kinase CASK/LIN-2. Nature. 2000 Mar;404(6775):298–302.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hanzo L, Liew TH, Yeap BL. Turbo Coding, Turbo Equalisation and Space-Time Coding. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

Kueper BH, Stroo HF, Vogel CM, Ward CH, editors. Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation. New York, NY: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Golubov AA, Tanaka Y, Asano Y, Tanuma Y. Odd-Frequency Pairing in Superconducting Heterostructures. In: Sidorenko A, editor. Fundamentals of Superconducting Nanoelectronics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011; pp 117–31.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Urologia Internationalis.

Blog post

Davis J. Americans Throw Twice As Much Trash In Landfills As Previously Thought [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 Sep [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/americans-throw-twice-much-trash-landfills-previously-thought/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: TSA’s Staffing Allocation Model Is Useful for Allocating Staff among Airports, but Its Assumptions Should Be Systematically Reassessed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Maddox AL. Secondary Structure Analysis of the C-Terminus of Gα-Interacting Vesicle Associated Protein Using Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy. 2017

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW. Puerto Rico’s Troubled Finances Add to Vulnerability During Hurricane. New York Times. 2017 Sep;B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Urologia Internationalis
Abbreviation	Urol. Int.
ISSN (print)	0042-1138
ISSN (online)	1423-0399
Scope	Urology