How to format your references using the Ultrasonics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ultrasonics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

C.L. Sawyers, The cancer biomarker problem, Nature. 452 (2008) 548–552.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M. Kronenberg, W.L. Havran, Immunology: oiling the wheels of autoimmunity, Nature. 506 (2014) 42–43.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

H. Terrones, F. López-Urías, M. Terrones, Novel hetero-layered materials with tunable direct band gaps by sandwiching different metal disulfides and diselenides, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 1549.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P.D. Vermeer, L.A. Einwalter, T.O. Moninger, T. Rokhlina, J.A. Kern, J. Zabner, M.J. Welsh, Segregation of receptor and ligand regulates activation of epithelial growth factor receptor, Nature. 422 (2003) 322–326.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A. Mattu, S.A. Grossman, P.L. Rosen, Geriatric Emergencies, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

J.M. Kizza, ed., A Guide to Computer Network Security, Springer, London, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

J.M.P.Q. Delgado, E. Barreira, N.M.M. Ramos, V.P. de Freitas, Conclusions and Perspectives, in: E. Barreira, N.M.M. Ramos, V.P. de Freitas (Eds.), Hygrothermal Numerical Simulation Tools Applied to Building Physics, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013: pp. 65–66.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ultrasonics.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Why Some Hosts Reject Parasitic Cuckoo Eggs While Others Don’t, IFLScience. (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/why-some-hosts-reject-parasitic-cuckoo-eggs-while-others-dont/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Hispanic Dropouts and Federal Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

S. Neil, A turn from the worst: Leadership influences on the successful turnaround of a high-poverty school, Doctoral dissertation, Capella University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

L. Fisher, QUOTATION OF THE DAY, New York Times. (2008) A2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Ultrasonics
Abbreviation	Ultrasonics
ISSN (print)	0041-624X
Scope	Acoustics and Ultrasonics

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