How to format your references using the Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McKee, C.F. Astronomy. Let There Be Dust. Science 2011, 333, 1227–1228.

A journal article with 2 authors

Groves, J.T.; Boaz, N.C. Biochemistry. Fishing for Peroxidase Protons. Science 2014, 345, 142–143.

A journal article with 3 authors

Furlong, K.P.; Lay, T.; Ammon, C.J. A Great Earthquake Rupture across a Rapidly Evolving Three-Plate Boundary. Science 2009, 324, 226–229.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Slomski, B.; Landolt, G.; Bihlmayer, G.; Osterwalder, J.; Dil, J.H. Tuning of the Rashba Effect in Pb Quantum Well States via a Variable Schottky Barrier. Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 1963.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smith, C.L. Distillation Control; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2012; ISBN 9781118260050.

An edited book

Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2016; Vincent, J.-L., Ed.; Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine; 1st ed.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2016; ISBN 9783319273488.

A chapter in an edited book

Baer, S.; Ensslin, K. Non-Abelian Statistics and Its Signatures in Interference Experiments. In Transport Spectroscopy of Confined Fractional Quantum Hall Systems; Ensslin, K., Ed.; Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2015; pp. 63–71 ISBN 9783319210506.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.

Blog post

Andrew, D. Struggling To Stay Healthy In 2017? Bad Marketing Could Be To Blame (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Space Projects: Astrophysics Facility Program Contains Cost and Technical Risks; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1994;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Song, X. A New Estimating Equation Based Approach for Secondary Trait Analyses in Genetic Case-Control Studies. Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University: New York, NY, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M.W. Settlement Money Patched Nassau County Budget Gaps. New York Times 2012, B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
Abbreviation	Trop. Med. Infect. Dis.
ISSN (online)	2414-6366
Scope