How to format your references using the Tropical Doctor citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Tropical Doctor. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Grubb M. Emissions trading: Cap and trade finds new energy. Nature 2012; 491: 666–667.

A journal article with 2 authors

Minamishima YA, Kaelin WG Jr. Reactivation of hepatic EPO synthesis in mice after PHD loss. Science 2010; 329: 407.

A journal article with 3 authors

Smith DE, Zuber MT, Neumann GA. Seasonal variations of snow depth on Mars. Science 2001; 294: 2141–2146.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhang Y, Liu W, Banks CE, et al. A fluorescence-quenching platform based on biomineralized hydroxyapatite from natural seashell and applied to cancer cell detection. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 7556.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Snopek L. The Complete Guide to Portfolio Construction and Management. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2012.

An edited book

Gathegi JN, Tonta Y, Kurbanoğlu S, et al. (eds). Challenges of Information Management Beyond the Cloud: 4th International Symposium on Information Management in a Changing World, IMCW 2013, Limerick, Ireland, September 4-6, 2013. Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Chan G, Neel BG. Role of PTPN11 (SHP2) in Cancer. In: Neel BG, Tonks NK (eds) Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Cancer. New York, NY: Springer, 2016, pp. 115–143.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Tropical Doctor.

Blog post

Andrew E. How Nanotechnology Can Help Us Grow More Food Using Less Energy And Water. IFLScience, https://www.iflscience.com/technology/how-nanotechnology-can-help-us-grow-more-food-using-less-energy-and-water/ (2016, accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Status of Equipment, Automotive Mechanics Training Project. B-168811, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 12 May 1970.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

RinconGallardo TJ. The effect of the use of learning journals on the development of metacognition in undergraduate students. Doctoral Dissertation, Capella University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Rematch 45 Years In the Making. New York Times, 6 January 2010, p. B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Tropical Doctor
Abbreviation	Trop. Doct.
ISSN (print)	0049-4755
ISSN (online)	1758-1133
Scope	Infectious Diseases Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health