How to format your references using the Tropical Doctor citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Tropical Doctor. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cooper TA. Molecular biology. Neutralizing toxic RNA. Science 2009; 325: 272–273.

A journal article with 2 authors

Que L Jr, Tolman WB. Biologically inspired oxidation catalysis. Nature 2008; 455: 333–340.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rockman HA, Koch WJ, Lefkowitz RJ. Seven-transmembrane-spanning receptors and heart function. Nature 2002; 415: 206–212.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lemon B, Inouye C, King DS, et al. Selectivity of chromatin-remodelling cofactors for ligand-activated transcription. Nature 2001; 414: 924–928.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Yu SF. Analysis and Design of Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.

An edited book

Abu-Arafeh I, Özge A (eds). Headache in Children and Adolescents: A Case-Based Approach. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Sakhravi R, Omran MT, Oommen BJ. On the Existence and Heuristic Computation of the Solution for the Commons Game. In: Nguyen NT (ed) Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence XIV. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2014, pp. 71–99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Tropical Doctor.

Blog post

Fang J. Test Confirms There’s a Huge Hot Bubble Of Gas Caused By A Supernova In Our Galaxy. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Issues Raised concerning the Report, ‘The National School Lunch Program: Is It Working?’ PAD-78-43, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1 November 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hsieh DA. Informed Technology Adoption Decisions Based on Innovation-Related Factors. Doctoral Dissertation, George Washington University, 2019.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kurutz S. The Unsettling Thing About Ellen. New York Times, 23 April 2014, p. D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Tropical Doctor
Abbreviation	Trop. Doct.
ISSN (print)	0049-4755
ISSN (online)	1758-1133
Scope	Infectious Diseases Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health