How to format your references using the Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Abbott A. Space-station airlock to serve as temporary lab. Nature. 2000;405:7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Evans JW, Thiel PA. Chemistry. A little chemistry helps the big get bigger. Science. 2010;330:599–600.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Harvey JA, Corley LS, Strand MR. Competition induces adaptive shifts in caste ratios of a polyembryonic wasp. Nature. 2000;406:183–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Li B, Friston KJ, Liu J, Liu Y, Zhang G, Cao F, et al. Impaired frontal-basal ganglia connectivity in adolescents with internet addiction. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5027.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bourlès H. Linear Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

1. Atlee JL. Perioperative Critical Care Cardiology. 2nd edition. Gullo A, Sinagra G, Vincent J-L, editors. Milano: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Gabel T, Riedmiller M. Multi-agent Case-Based Reasoning for Cooperative Reinforcement Learners. In: Roth-Berghofer TR, Göker MH, Güvenir HA, editors. Advances in Case-Based Reasoning: 8th European Conference, ECCBR 2006 Fethiye, Turkey, September 4-7, 2006 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006. p. 32–46.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Smart Suit Purifies Air To Make It More Breathable [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/smart-fashion-purifies-air-make-it-more-breathable/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Intercity Passenger and Freight Rail: Better Data and Communication of Uncertainties Can Help Decision Makers Understand Benefits and Trade-offs of Programs and Policies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011 Feb. Report No.: GAO-11-290.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Gleason R. Nanosphere lithography applied to magnetic thin films [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Shear MD, Pear R. Former Obama Aides Lead Opposition to the Effort to Repeal the Health Law. New York Times. 2017 Jul 27;A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines
Abbreviation	Trop. Dis. Travel Med. Vaccines
ISSN (online)	2055-0936
Scope