How to format your references using the Trends in Immunology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Trends in Immunology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kaiser, D. (2011) The search for clean cash. Nature 472, 30–31

A journal article with 2 authors

Balskus, E.P. and Walsh, C.T. (2010) The genetic and molecular basis for sunscreen biosynthesis in cyanobacteria. Science 329, 1653–1656

A journal article with 3 authors

Zeng, C. et al. (2014) Electrically tunable graphene plasmonic quasicrystal metasurfaces for transformation optics. Sci. Rep. 4, 5763

A journal article with 3 or more authors

Batista, L.F.Z. et al. (2011) Telomere shortening and loss of self-renewal in dyskeratosis congenita induced pluripotent stem cells. Nature 474, 399–402

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cox, C. (2012) An Introduction to LTE, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

An edited book

Bian, F. et al., eds. (2013) Geo-Informatics in Resource Management and Sustainable Ecosystem: International Symposium, GRMSE 2013, Wuhan, China, November 8-10, 2013, Proceedings, Part I, 398, Springer

A chapter in an edited book

Severs, N.J. et al. (2005) Gap Junction and Connexin Remodeling in Human Heart Disease. In Gap Junctions in Development and Disease (Winterhager, E., ed), pp. 57–82, Springer

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Trends in Immunology.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016) Factories In Space: How Extra-Terrestrial Industry Could Keep Humans Alive. IFLScience. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/space/factories-in-space-how-extraterrestrial-industry-could-keep-humans-alive/. [Accessed: 30-Oct-2018]

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Health and Human Services’ Estimate of Health Care Cost Savings Resulting from the Use of Information Technology, U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fulton, E. (2010) Differential effects of nicotine on prospective memory, sustained attention, and working memory. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Patterson, M.J.O. (2015) A Quiet Outpost Beyond the TunnelNew York Times, RE11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Trends in Immunology
Abbreviation	Trends Immunol.
ISSN (print)	1471-4906
ISSN (online)	1471-4981
Scope	Immunology Immunology and Allergy