How to format your references using the Trends in Immunology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Trends in Immunology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Shaw, R. (2009) Journal club. A cancer researcher ponders a fundamental connection between nutrients and gene expression. Nature 462, 829

A journal article with 2 authors

Lee, D.H. and Gupta, J.A. (2010) Tunable field control over the binding energy of single dopants by a charged vacancy in GaAs. Science 330, 1807–1810

A journal article with 3 authors

Kicheva, A. et al. (2012) Developmental pattern formation: insights from physics and biology. Science 338, 210–212

A journal article with 3 or more authors

Egolf, D.A. et al. (2000) Mechanisms of extensive spatiotemporal chaos in Rayleigh-Benard convection. Nature 404, 733–736

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Blume, S.W. (2011) High Voltage Protection for Telecommunications, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Lyden, P.D., ed. (2015) Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Stroke, (3rd ed. 2015.), Springer International Publishing

A chapter in an edited book

Lane, J.I. and Witte, R.J. (2010) Advanced Imaging Applications. In The Temporal Bone: An Imaging Atlas (Witte, R. J., ed), pp. 75–96, Springer

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Trends in Immunology.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2017) Egyptian Mummy Thought To Be A Bird Turns Out To Be Human Fetus. IFLScience. [Online]. [Accessed: 30-Oct-2018]

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2011) Statutory Copyright Licensing: Implications of a Phaseout on Access to Television Programming and Consumer Prices Are Unclear, U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bubert, E.A. (2009) Highly extensible skin for a variable wing-span morphing aircraft utilizing pneumatic artificial muscle actuation. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Savodnik, P. (2012) ‘Their First Lenny Bruce Could Be Coming’New York Times, MM34

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Trends in Immunology
Abbreviation	Trends Immunol.
ISSN (print)	1471-4906
ISSN (online)	1471-4981
Scope	Immunology Immunology and Allergy