How to format your references using the Trees citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Trees. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wand AJ (2001) On the dynamic origins of allosteric activation. Science 293:1395

A journal article with 2 authors

Tozer S, Morin X (2014) Neuroscience. Young neurons sever ties to the parental niche. Science 343:146–147

A journal article with 3 authors

Våge S, Storesund JE, Thingstad TF (2013) SAR11 viruses and defensive host strains. Nature 499:E3-4

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Chen H, Kandasamy S, Orszag S, et al (2003) Extended Boltzmann kinetic equation for turbulent flows. Science 301:633–636

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Will H (2011) »Sei naiv und mach’ ein Experiment«: Feodor Lynen. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Barbin E, Pisano R (eds) (2013) The Dialectic Relation Between Physics and Mathematics in the XIXth Century. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Gerasimovskaya EV, Stenmark KR, Yegutkin GG (2010) Role of Purine-Converting Ecto-Enzymes in Angiogenic Phenotype of Pulmonary Artery Adventitial Vasa Vasorum Endothelial Cells of Chronically Hypoxic Calves. In: Gerasimovskaya E, Kaczmarek E (eds) Extracellular ATP and Adenosine as Regulators of Endothelial Cell Function: Implications for Health and Disease. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 73–93

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Trees.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Dolphins Form Complex Social Networks. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/dolphins-form-complex-social-networks/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1986) Digests of Unpublished Decisions of the Comptroller General of the United States, Vol. II, No. 12. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Scaringe JG (2010) An investigation into the faculty development practices in chiropractic education programs. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Urbina I (2015) Tricked While on Land, Abused or Killed at Sea. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wand 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Wand 2001; Tozer and Morin 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tozer and Morin 2014)
Three or more authors: (Chen et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Trees
Abbreviation	Trees (Berl. West)
ISSN (print)	0931-1890
ISSN (online)	1432-2285
Scope	Forestry Plant Science Physiology Ecology