How to format your references using the Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Perkel, J.M.: Scientific writing: the online cooperative. Nature. 514, 127–128 (2014)

A journal article with 2 authors

Burton, D.R., Wilson, I.A.: Immunology. Square-dancing antibodies. Science. 317, 1507–1508 (2007)

A journal article with 3 authors

Saeed, Y., Singh, N., Schwingenschlögl, U.: Superior thermoelectric response in the 3R phases of hydrated NaxRhO2. Sci. Rep. 4, 4390 (2014)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Qin, L., Park, S., Huang, L., Mirkin, C.A.: On-wire lithography. Science. 309, 113–115 (2005)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rodriguez, J., Bonne, D.: Stereoselective Multiple Bond-Forming Transformations in Organic Synthesis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ (2015)

An edited book

Rempala, G.A.: Symmetric Functionals on Random Matrices and Random Matchings Problems. Springer, New York, NY (2008)

A chapter in an edited book

Mignault, F.: Globalization. In: Kennedy, S., Aust, D., Kubicek, D., D’Souza, M.G., Mattamal, R., Gault, D., McGhan, D., Gielis, D., Mignault, F., Hartman, R., Nielsen, A., and Hichwa, M. (eds.) Expert Oracle Application Express. pp. 241–269. Apress, Berkeley, CA (2011)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology.

Blog post

Andrews, R.: Baby Birds May Reveal How Flight Evolved In Their Dinosaur Ancestors

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Telephone Communications: Bell Operating Company Entry Into New Lines of Business. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1986)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Luse, K.M.: Invariants of knots, graphs, and Feynman diagrams, (2008)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K.: Trying to Protect A Zigzag Piece Of a Famed Circle, (2001)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology
ISSN (print)	2196-7202
ISSN (online)	2196-7210
Scope