How to format your references using the Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gordon, R.G.: Plate tectonics. The Antarctic connection. Nature. 404, 139–140 (2000)

A journal article with 2 authors

Zeng, L., Song, R.: Controlling chloride ions diffusion in concrete. Sci. Rep. 3, 3359 (2013)

A journal article with 3 authors

Collins, F.S., Gray, G.M., Bucher, J.R.: Toxicology. Transforming environmental health protection. Science. 319, 906–907 (2008)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Coop, G., Wen, X., Ober, C., Pritchard, J.K., Przeworski, M.: High-resolution mapping of crossovers reveals extensive variation in fine-scale recombination patterns among humans. Science. 319, 1395–1398 (2008)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vegh, A.: Web Development with the Mac®. Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA (2010)

An edited book

Deodhar, A.: Fibromyalgia: A Practical Clinical Guide. Springer, New York, NY (2011)

A chapter in an edited book

Sonwani, S., Saxena, P., Kulshrestha, U.: Role of Global Warming and Plant Signaling in BVOC Emissions. In: Kulshrestha, U. and Saxena, P. (eds.) Plant Responses to Air Pollution. pp. 45–57. Springer, Singapore (2016)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology.

Blog post

Fang, J.: Pigeons Wearing Eye Patches Must Learn New Routes Home

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: JFMIP News: A Newsletter for Government Financial Managers, Fall 1997, Vol. 9, No. 3. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1997)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Narang, S.: Use of technology to reduce the occurrence of medication errors in a U.S. hospital: A project report, (2013)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M.: THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: The Democrats; Clinton Uses Farm Speech to Begin New Offensive, (1992)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology
ISSN (print)	2196-7202
ISSN (online)	2196-7210
Scope