How to format your references using the Transplantation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Transplantation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hemingway J. Taking aim at mosquitoes. Nature 2004; 430: 936.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cooper VS, Lenski RE. The population genetics of ecological specialization in evolving Escherichia coli populations. Nature 2000; 407: 736.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang D, Song C, Barabási A-L. Quantifying long-term scientific impact. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2013; 342: 127.

A journal article with 10 or more authors

Zhou J, Gao Y, Zhang Z et al. VO₂ thermochromic smart window for energy savings and generation. Scientific reports 2013; 3: 3029.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schwartz R. Rethinking Pragmatism. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.

An edited book

Machin A, Stehr N, editors. Understanding Inequality: Social Costs and Benefits. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Lever NA, Lindsey M, O’Brennan L, Weist MD. Preservice Training for School Mental Health Clinicians. In: Weist MD, Lever NA, Bradshaw CP, Owens JS, eds. Handbook of School Mental Health: Research, Training, Practice, and Policy. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2014: 45.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Transplantation.

Blog post

Andrew E. 10 Awesome Animals That Were Hunted To Extinction By Humans Before You Were Born [Internet]. IFLScience2015; [cited 2018 Oct 30] Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/animals-have-been-brought-extinction-human-hands/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Student Financial Aid: Use of Middleware for Systems Integration Holds Promise. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2001.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Adams AA. A study of the attitudes and opinions of southwest Missouri educators regarding the value and outcome of the performance based teacher evaluation process. 2009;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M. The Progressive Who Didn’t Pass ‘Go.’ New York Times2015; : BU1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Transplantation
Abbreviation	Transplantation
ISSN (print)	0041-1337
ISSN (online)	1534-0608
Scope	Transplantation