How to format your references using the Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fujishima, A., 2003. Comment on “efficient photochemical water splitting by a chemically modified n-TiO2” (I). Science 301, 1673; discussion 1673.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kondo, S., Miura, T., 2010. Reaction-diffusion model as a framework for understanding biological pattern formation. Science 329, 1616–1620.

A journal article with 3 authors

Song, C., Wang, P., Makse, H.A., 2008. A phase diagram for jammed matter. Nature 453, 629–632.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Irifune, T., Higo, Y., Inoue, T., Kono, Y., Ohfuji, H., Funakoshi, K., 2008. Sound velocities of majorite garnet and the composition of the mantle transition region. Nature 451, 814–817.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Aronson, D.R., 2006. Evidence-Based Technical Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Gravett, L.S., 2016. Learning Agility: The Impact on Recruitment and Retention. Palgrave Macmillan US, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Samavi, R., Consens, M.P., Topaloglou, T., 2013. A Privacy Framework for the Personal Web, in: Chignell, M., Cordy, J.R., Kealey, R., Ng, J., Yesha, Y. (Eds.), The Personal Web: A Research Agenda, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 87–112.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Toxicology.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2017. A Mystery Space Object Will Cruise Past Earth Next Month [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/a-mystery-space-object-will-cruise-past-earth-next-month/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2012. Safety Effects of Less Prescriptive Requirements for Low-Stress Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines Are Uncertain (No. GAO-12-389R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kinney, C.E., 2009. Realtime controller tuning for periodic disturbance rejection with application to active noise control (Doctoral dissertation). University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lyons, M., Poniewozik, J., 2016. Oh, TV of Little Faith. New York Times AR1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Fujishima, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Fujishima, 2003; Kondo and Miura, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kondo and Miura, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Irifune et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Toxicology
Abbreviation	Toxicology
ISSN (print)	0300-483X
Scope	Toxicology