How to format your references using the Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Adler, M., 2012. Structural biology. How a neurotoxin survives. Science 335, 928–929.

A journal article with 2 authors

Alabugin, I., Mohamed, R.K., 2014. Chemistry. A CO₂ cloak for the cyanide dagger. Science 344, 45–46.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nowak, M.A., Komarova, N.L., Niyogi, P., 2002. Computational and evolutionary aspects of language. Nature 417, 611–617.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wang, X., Li, X., Zhang, L., Yoon, Y., Weber, P.K., Wang, H., Guo, J., Dai, H., 2009. N-doping of graphene through electrothermal reactions with ammonia. Science 324, 768–771.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kramer, H., 2013. Angewandte Baudynamik. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Hinkson, G., 2009. Foundation Fireworks CS4. Apress, Berkeley, CA.

A chapter in an edited book

Vukotic, A., Goodwill, J., 2011. Persistent Sessions, in: Goodwill, J. (Ed.), Apache Tomcat 7. Apress, Berkeley, CA, pp. 95–118.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Toxicology.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2015. Study Suggests Ejaculation Reduces The Risk Of Prostate Cancer [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/come-you-are/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1973. Protest of Air Force Contract Award (No. B-175469). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Johnson, S., 2017. Searching for Identity and Truth: How Letter Writing Creates Identity in Victorian Literature (Doctoral dissertation). Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper, M., 2017. Carmen de Lavallade Skips Trump Reception. New York Times C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Adler, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Adler, 2012; Alabugin and Mohamed, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Alabugin and Mohamed, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Wang et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Toxicology
Abbreviation	Toxicology
ISSN (print)	0300-483X
Scope	Toxicology