How to format your references using the Toxicological Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Toxicological Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wang, J. (2015) Comment on ‘Crystal structures of translocator protein (TSPO) and mutant mimic of a human polymorphism’. Science, 350, 519.

A journal article with 2 authors

Grey, K. and Calver, C.R. (2007) Ediacaran oxidation and biotic evolution. Nature, 450, E17; discussion E18.

A journal article with 3 authors

Morens, D.M. et al. (2012) Engineering H5N1 avian influenza viruses to study human adaptation. Nature, 486, 335–340.

A journal article with 3 or more authors

Yoshida, S. et al. (2006) Microtubule-severing activity of Shigella is pivotal for intercellular spreading. Science, 314, 985–989.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

West, B.J. and Griffin, L.A. (2005) Biodynamics John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Tan, T. et al. eds. (2015) Advances in Image and Graphics Technologies: 10th Chinese Conference, IGTA 2015, Beijing, China, June 19-20, 2015, Proceedings Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Carr, L.P. and Nanni, A.J. (2009) Delivering Results Context. In, Nanni,A.J.,Jr. (ed), Delivering Results: Managing What Matters. Springer US, New York, NY, pp. 41–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Toxicological Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2013) Things in space that could kill us. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) Grant Programs: Design Features Shape Flexibility, Accountability, and Performance Information U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Staal, J. (2017) The Relationships Among Sleep Quality, Frailty, and Falls in Older Adults Residing in the Community.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Novick, S.M. (2016) Flavorful Encores From Jean-Georges. New York Times, LI5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wang, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Wang, 2015; Grey and Calver, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Grey and Calver, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Yoshida et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Toxicological Sciences
Abbreviation	Toxicol. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1096-6080
ISSN (online)	1096-0929
Scope	Toxicology