How to format your references using the Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sawyers CL. The cancer biomarker problem. Nature. 2008 Apr 3;452(7187):548–52.

A journal article with 2 authors

Velicer GJ, Yu YTN. Evolution of novel cooperative swarming in the bacterium Myxococcus xanthus. Nature. 2003 Sep 4;425(6953):75–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Oliet SH, Piet R, Poulain DA. Control of glutamate clearance and synaptic efficacy by glial coverage of neurons. Science. 2001 May 4;292(5518):923–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Cocheo V, Sacco P, Boaretto C, De Saeger E, Ballesta PP, Skov H, et al. Urban benzene and population exposure. Nature. 2000 Mar 9;404(6774):141–2.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shick PL. Topology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

Wodarz D, editor. Killer Cell Dynamics: Mathematical and Computational Approaches to Immunology. New York, NY: Springer; 2007. XIII, 220 p. (Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics; vol. 32).

A chapter in an edited book

Gelsthorpe L, Durnescu I. Probation Supervision for Women and Young Offenders. In: Kury H, Redo S, Shea E, editors. Women and Children as Victims and Offenders: Background, Prevention, Reintegration: Suggestions for Succeeding Generations (Volume 2). Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 117–43. (Crime and justice).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.

Blog post

Andrew E. Ancient DNA Sheds Light on the Origin of Europeans. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Contract Pricing: Subcontractor Prices Overstated on AN/TSQ-111 Communications Contract. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1986 Aug. Report No.: NSIAD-86-166.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Williams A. Kindergarten through third grade reading tutors in Northeast Mississippi [Doctoral dissertation]. [Mississippi State, MS]: Mississippi State University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brennan TJ. Why Pot, Not Pills, Works for My T.B.I. New York Times. 2017 Sep 1;A23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening
Abbreviation	Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen.
ISSN (print)	0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
Scope	General Medicine

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