How to format your references using the Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kemp M. Science in culture: peas without pictures--Gregor Mendel and the mathematical birth of modern genetics. Nature. 2002 May 30;417(6888):490.

A journal article with 2 authors

O’Dell CR, Townsley LK. Astronomy. Orion continues to surprise. Science. 2008 Jan 18;319(5861):289–90.

A journal article with 3 authors

Javaux EJ, Marshall CP, Bekker A. Organic-walled microfossils in 3.2-billion-year-old shallow-marine siliciclastic deposits. Nature. 2010 Feb 18;463(7283):934–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Weinberg Z, Perreault J, Meyer MM, Breaker RR. Exceptional structured noncoding RNAs revealed by bacterial metagenome analysis. Nature. 2009 Dec 3;462(7273):656–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bass F. Guide to the Census. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Mueller-Hoeppe D, Loehnert S, Reese S, editors. Recent Developments and Innovative Applications in Computational Mechanics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. XX, 340 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Ferner RE, Evans DGR, Huson SM. Clinical Quiz: Diagnostic and Management Pitfalls of Neurocutaneous Disease. In: Huson SM, Evans DGR, editors. Neurofibromatoses in Clinical Practice. London: Springer; 2011. p. 141–7.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. What Happens To Liquid Nitrogen In A Vacuum? Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/what-happens-liquid-nitrogen-vacuum/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Hazardous Materials: Federal Training for First Responders to Highway and Railroad Incidents. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989 May. Report No.: RCED-89-146FS.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

De La Cruz E. School social work programing for an elementary school: A grant writing project [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik J. Just What the Candidate Ordered. New York Times. 2016 Sep 15;A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening
Abbreviation	Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen.
ISSN (print)	0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
Scope	General Medicine