How to format your references using the Thin-Walled Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Thin-Walled Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

T. Rousselle, Recruiters and industry. Dual competencies, Nature 430 (2004) 488.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

S. Tang, A. Guo, Choice behavior of Drosophila facing contradictory visual cues, Science 294 (2001) 1543–1547.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

K. Zaimi, A. Ishak, I. Pop, Boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a nonlinearly permeable stretching/shrinking sheet in a nanofluid, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 4404.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

D.J. Walther, J.-U. Peter, S. Bashammakh, H. Hörtnagl, M. Voits, H. Fink, M. Bader, Synthesis of serotonin by a second tryptophan hydroxylase isoform, Science 299 (2003) 76.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Lednicer, Antineoplastic Drugs, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2015.

An edited book

[1]

C. Herrmann, J.P. Terhechte, eds., European Yearbook of International Economic Law 2010, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

K. Suzuki, The Significance of Mycorrhizae in Forest Ecosystems, in: K. Suzuki, K. Ishii, S. Sakurai, S. Sasaki (Eds.), Plantation Technology in Tropical Forest Science, Springer, Tokyo, 2006: pp. 41–52.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Thin-Walled Structures.

Blog post

[1]

B. Taub, Loved-Up Birds Sacrifice Food In Order To Be With Their Mate, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/love-birds-sacrifice-food-order-be-their-mate/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Request for Information Concerning Space Transportation System, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1981.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

M.T. Scharf, Comparing Student Cumulative Course Grades, Attrition, and Satisfaction in Traditional and Virtual Classroom Environments, Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

G.G. Gustines, Drawn From History and Imagination, New York Times (2012) C33.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Thin-Walled Structures
Abbreviation	Thin-Walled Struct.
ISSN (print)	0263-8231
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Building and Construction