How to format your references using the Theriogenology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Theriogenology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

O’Connor SE. PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY. Fighting cancer while saving the mayapple. Science 2015;349:1167–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Sharp WD, Clague DA. 50-Ma initiation of Hawaiian-Emperor bend records major change in Pacific plate motion. Science 2006;313:1281–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Hwang H-W, Wentzel EA, Mendell JT. A hexanucleotide element directs microRNA nuclear import. Science 2007;315:97–100.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Márton ML, Cordts S, Broadhvest J, Dresselhaus T. Micropylar pollen tube guidance by egg apparatus 1 of maize. Science 2005;307:573–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Liu S-C, Delbruck T, Indiveri G, Whatley A, Douglas R. Event-Based Neuromorphic Systems. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Das K, editor. Globalization and Standards: Issues and Challenges in Indian Business. New Delhi: Springer India; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Ornella L, Cervigni G, Tapia E. Applications of Machine Learning in Breeding for Stress Tolerance in Maize. In: Venkateswarlu B, Shanker AK, Shanker C, Maheswari M, editors. Crop Stress and its Management: Perspectives and Strategies, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012, p. 163–92.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Theriogenology.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. A Teenager May Help NASA Decide Where To Land Its Next Mars Rover. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/space/teenager-may-help-nasa-decide-where-to-land-its-next-mars-rover/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Space Station: Status of Russian Involvement and Cost Control Efforts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Green JL. The leadership practices of executive women of local government. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kishkovsky S. Spending Your Dollars in Europe: Soviet Union; Prices Are Wildly Irrational, but There Is Room to Maneuver. New York Times 1991:526.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Theriogenology
Abbreviation	Theriogenology
ISSN (print)	0093-691X
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Equine Food Animals Small Animals