How to format your references using the Theriogenology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Theriogenology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Smaglik P. Mapping life-science skills. Nature 2004;427:469.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Perry B, Sones K. Science for development. Poverty reduction through animal health. Science 2007;315:333–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Imai T, Suzuki M, Sakano H. Odorant receptor-derived cAMP signals direct axonal targeting. Science 2006;314:657–61.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Hotchkiss RS, Dunne WM, Swanson PE, Davis CG, Tinsley KW, Chang KC, et al. Role of apoptosis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Science 2001;294:1783.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Demand NH. The Mediterranean Context of Early Greek History. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Kirkpatrick A, Sussex R, editors. English as an International Language in Asia: Implications for Language Education. vol. 1. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Veevers N, Allison P. The Badge Schemes. In: Allison P, editor. Kurt Hahn: Inspirational, Visionary, Outdoor and Experiential Educator, Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2011, p. 37–45.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Theriogenology.

Blog post

[1]

Hale T. Explore A Mystery Structure Found At A Stone Age Dump Through This 3D Model. IFLScience 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Health Care: Telehealth and Remote Patient Monitoring Use in Medicare and Selected Federal Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2017.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Malherek MN. The Prevalence and Predictors of Parental Corporal Punishment in the United States. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University, 2016.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Ziegler M. Where the Pro-Life Movement Goes Next. New York Times 2016:SR3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Theriogenology
Abbreviation	Theriogenology
ISSN (print)	0093-691X
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Equine Food Animals Small Animals