How to format your references using the The Vaccine Companion citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Vaccine Companion. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Nordhaus W. Economics. Critical assumptions in the Stern Review on climate change. Science 2007;317:201–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Novikov VN, Sokolov AP. Poisson’s ratio and the fragility of glass-forming liquids. Nature 2004;431:961–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Croon MB, Hillier JK, Sclater JG. Comment on “Mantle flow drives the subsidence of oceanic plates.” Science 2011;331:1011; author reply 1011.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Scherz PJ, Harfe BD, McMahon AP, Tabin CJ. The limb bud Shh-Fgf feedback loop is terminated by expansion of former ZPA cells. Science 2004;305:396–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Eligehausen R, Mallée R, Silva JF. Anchorage in Concrete Construction. Berlin, Germany: Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG; 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Daras NJ, Rassias MT, editors. Computation, Cryptography, and Network Security. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Pacheco FT, da Rocha AJ. Ischemic Stroke in Adults. In: Hoffmann Nunes R, Abello AL, Castillo M, editors. Critical Findings in Neuroradiology, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 29–44.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Vaccine Companion.

Blog post

[1]

Andrews R. The Earth’s Mantle Is Hotter Than Anyone Previously Thought. IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/earths-mantle-hotter-anyone-previously-thought/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Environmental Protection Agency: Difficulties in Comparing Annual Budgets for Science and Technology. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Driskill KM. A qualitative study of teacher understanding and use of differentiated instruction to promote reading achievement. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Fiske IH. CHATTERTON. New York Times 1905:REVIEW OF BOOKSBR509.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Vaccine Companion
ISSN (print)	1876-0775
Scope