How to format your references using the The New Iraqi Journal of Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The New Iraqi Journal of Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Butlin R. Comment on “Transitions to asexuality result in excess amino acid substitutions.” Science. 2006 Sep 8;313(5792):1389; author reply 1389.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kim SW, Ahn JP. Polycrystalline nanowires of gadolinium-doped ceria via random alignment mediated by supercritical carbon dioxide. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1606.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sakurai H, Daiko T, Hirao T. A synthesis of sumanene, a fullerene fragment. Science. 2003 Sep 26;301(5641):1878.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Truman JW, Hiruma K, Allee JP, Macwhinnie SGB, Champlin DT, Riddiford LM. Juvenile hormone is required to couple imaginal disc formation with nutrition in insects. Science. 2006 Jun 2;312(5778):1385–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bisgaard S, Kulahci M. Time Series Analysis and Forecasting by Example: Bisgaard/Time Series by Example. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011. (Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics).

An edited book

Kotthoff HG, Klerides E, editors. Governing Educational Spaces: Knowledge, Teaching, and Learning in Transition. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2015. VIII, 228 p. (CESE).

A chapter in an edited book

El Miedany Y. PROMs for Rheumatoid Arthritis. In: El Miedany Y, editor. Patient Reported Outcome Measures in Rheumatic Diseases. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 101–20.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The New Iraqi Journal of Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. We Still Don’t Really Know The Health Hazards Of A Nuclear Accident. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/we-still-don-t-really-know-health-hazards-nuclear-accident/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Student Loans: Patterns in Tuition, Enrollment, and Federal Stafford Loan Borrowing Up to the 2007-08 Loan Limit Increase. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011 May. Report No.: GAO-11-470R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Miranda PJ. Tightly-coupled sulfur-cycling microbial mats of the White Point hydrothermal vent field, CA: An analog for deep-sea vents [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Feeling Low, But Standing Together. New York Times. 2011 Jan 3;D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	The New Iraqi Journal of Medicine
ISSN (print)	1998-037X
ISSN (online)	1817-5562
Scope