How to format your references using the The Netherlands Journal of Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Netherlands Journal of Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nathan C. Antibiotics at the crossroads. Nature. 2004 Oct 21;431(7011):899–902.

A journal article with 2 authors

Anderson AK, Phelps EA. Lesions of the human amygdala impair enhanced perception of emotionally salient events. Nature. 2001 May 17;411(6835):305–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang CW, Ka SM, Chen A. Robust image registration of biological microscopic images. Sci Rep. 2014 Aug 13;4:6050.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hughes WOH, Oldroyd BP, Beekman M, Ratnieks FLW. Ancestral monogamy shows kin selection is key to the evolution of eusociality. Science. 2008 May 30;320(5880):1213–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Matthews GG. Cellular Physiology of Nerve and Muscle. Malden, MA USA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.; 2002.

An edited book

Freise M, Hallmann T, editors. Modernizing Democracy: Associations and Associating in the 21st Century. New York, NY: Springer; 2014. XIX, 357 p. 13 illus., 4 illus. in color.

A chapter in an edited book

Cortiana F. Le informazioni e l’equilibrio dinamico dell’ecosistema. In: Laszlo E, Biava PM, editors. Il senso ritrovato. Milano: Springer; 2013. p. 63–88.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Netherlands Journal of Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. Playing Video Games Is Good For Your Brain – Here’s How [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/playing-video-games-good-your-brain-here-s-how/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Response to the Department of Education’s Request to Reconsider the High-Risk Designation of Federal Student Aid Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003 Jun. Report No.: GAO-03-885R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bible PW. Integrating Heterogeneous Datasets for Functional Profiling of Transcription Factors and Their Target Genes [Doctoral dissertation]. [ Lafayette, LA]: University of Louisiana; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines GG. Weak Sales Doom Black Panther Spinoff. New York Times. 2017 May 17;C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Netherlands Journal of Medicine
Abbreviation	Neth. J. Med.
ISSN (print)	0300-2977
ISSN (online)	1872-9061
Scope	Internal Medicine