How to format your references using the The Netherlands Journal of Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Netherlands Journal of Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schiermeier Q. German Greens go cold on nuclear fusion. Nature. 2000 May 11;405(6783):107.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kim N, Grey CP. Probing oxygen motion in disordered anionic conductors with 17O and 51V MAS NMR spectroscopy. Science. 2002 Aug 23;297(5585):1317–20.

A journal article with 3 authors

Murphy GE, Leadbetter JR, Jensen GJ. In situ structure of the complete Treponema primitia flagellar motor. Nature. 2006 Aug 31;442(7106):1062–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Cheng C, Amini A, Zhu C, Xu Z, Song H, Wang N. Enhanced photocatalytic performance of TiO2-ZnO hybrid nanostructures. Sci Rep. 2014 Feb 25;4:4181.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Singh J. Functional Software Size Measurement Methodology with Effort Estimation and Performance Indication. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

Monekosso D, Remagnino P, Kuno Y, editors. Intelligent Environments: Methods, Algorithms and Applications. London: Springer; 2009. XVII, 211 p. (Advanced Information and Knowledge Processing).

A chapter in an edited book

Abbasi S, Manteghi S, Heidarzadegan A, Nemati Y, Parvin H. A Robust Clustering via Swarm Intelligence. In: Gervasi O, Murgante B, Misra S, Gavrilova ML, Rocha AMAC, Torre C, et al., editors. Computational Science and Its Applications -- ICCSA 2015: 15th International Conference, Banff, AB, Canada, June 22-25, 2015, Proceedings, Part II. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 55–70. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Netherlands Journal of Medicine.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Falcon 9 Rocket Breaks Apart During Touchdown. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Computer Security: Hackers Penetrate DOD Computer Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1991 Nov. Report No.: T-IMTEC-92-5.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Byrd WE. Relational programming in miniKanren: Techniques, applications, and implementations [Doctoral dissertation]. [Bloomington, IN]: Indiana University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Zernike K. Once ‘Fixed,’ Now Pensions Haunt Christie. New York Times. 2015 Feb 24;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Netherlands Journal of Medicine
Abbreviation	Neth. J. Med.
ISSN (print)	0300-2977
ISSN (online)	1872-9061
Scope	Internal Medicine