How to format your references using the The Journal of Roman Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Roman Studies (JRS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gerber, C. 2013: ‘Heinrich Rohrer (1933-2013)’, Nature 499, 30.

A journal article with 2 authors

Teng, M. W. L., and Smyth, M. J. 2014: ‘Cancer. Can cancer trigger autoimmunity?’, Science (New York, N.Y.) 343, 147–148.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gilbert, I. R., Jarvis, P. G., and Smith, H. 2001: ‘Proximity signal and shade avoidance differences between early and late successional trees’, Nature 411, 792–795.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Ebina, H., Misawa, N., Kanemura, Y., and Koyanagi, Y. 2013: ‘Harnessing the CRISPR/Cas9 system to disrupt latent HIV-1 provirus’, Scientific Reports 3, 2510.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kaul, S., Ali, F., Janakiram, S., and Wattenström, B. 2008: Business Models for Sustainable Telecoms Growth in Developing Economies, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Valcke, S. 2012: Earth System Modelling - Volume 3: Coupling Software and Strategies, R. Redler and R. Budich (eds). SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Weber-Jahnke, J. H. 2008: ‘Modelling of Longitudinal Information Systems with Graph Grammars’, in A. Schürr, M. Nagl, and A. Zündorf (eds), Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance: Third International Symposium, AGTIVE 2007, Kassel, Germany, October 10-12, 2007, Revised Selected and Invited Papers. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Berlin, Heidelberg, 59–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Roman Studies.

Blog post

Luntz, S. 2016: ‘Some Stars Are Dying Puzzlingly Young’, IFLScience. Available from <https://www.iflscience.com/space/stars-are-dying-puzzlingly-young/>. . Accessed30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 2014: Aviation Workforce: Current and Future Availability of Aviation Engineering and Maintenance Professionals, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reimer, E. L. 2010: ‘Grant proposal: Support services for families of children diagnosed with autism’, Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L. 2006: ‘Court Upholds Arizona Limits Imposed on Insanity Defense’, New York Times.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Roman Studies
Abbreviation	J. Rom. Stud.
ISSN (print)	0075-4358
ISSN (online)	1753-528X
Scope	History Archaeology Classics Literature and Literary Theory Visual Arts and Performing Arts

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