How to format your references using the The Journal of Roman Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Roman Studies (JRS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lewenstein, M. 2002: ‘Physics. Resolving physical processes on the attosecond time scale’, Science (New York, N.Y.) 297, 1131–1132.

A journal article with 2 authors

Navarro, M., and Gull, K. 2001: ‘A pol I transcriptional body associated with VSG mono-allelic expression in Trypanosoma brucei’, Nature 414, 759–763.

A journal article with 3 authors

Danielewicz, P., Lacey, R., and Lynch, W. G. 2002: ‘Determination of the equation of state of dense matter’, Science (New York, N.Y.) 298, 1592–1596.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Whicker, F. W., Hinton, T. G., MacDonell, M. M., Pinder, J. E., 3rd, and Habegger, L. J. 2004: ‘Environment. Avoiding destructive remediation at DOE sites’, Science (New York, N.Y.) 303, 1615–1616.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Carroll, J. M., Bowyer-Crane, C., Duff, F. J., Hulme, C., and Snowling, M. J. 2011: Developing Language and Literacy, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Aigner, M. 2006: Proofs from THE BOOK, G. M. Ziegler and A. Quarteroni (eds), Milano.

A chapter in an edited book

Shayler, D. J., and Harland, D. M. 2016: ‘LST becomes ST, becomes HST’, in D. M. Harland (ed.), The Hubble Space Telescope: From Concept to Success, New York, NY, 131–189.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Roman Studies.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015: ‘Viruses Are Highly Evolved Infectious Agents – Perfect To Go After Cancer’, IFLScience. Available from <https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/viruses-are-highly-evolved-infectious-agents-perfect-go-after-cancer/>. . Accessed30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1995: Federal Research: Lessons Learned from the Pilot Technology Access Program, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Thompson, K. 2014: ‘An Introduction to the Cox Proportional Hazards Model and Its Applications to Survival Analysis’, Doctoral dissertation, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario, B. 2017: ‘Disputes Over Prince’s Estate Cloud the Future of His Vault’, New York Times.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Roman Studies
Abbreviation	J. Rom. Stud.
ISSN (print)	0075-4358
ISSN (online)	1753-528X
Scope	History Archaeology Classics Literature and Literary Theory Visual Arts and Performing Arts