How to format your references using the The Journal of Pharmacy Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Pharmacy Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schlütter J. Therapeutics: new drugs hit the target. Nature. 2011 Jun 8;474(7350):S5-7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schmeing TM, Ramakrishnan V. What recent ribosome structures have revealed about the mechanism of translation. Nature. 2009 Oct 29;461(7268):1234–42.

A journal article with 3 authors

Frank MJ, Seeberger LC, O’reilly RC. By carrot or by stick: cognitive reinforcement learning in parkinsonism. Science. 2004 Dec 10;306(5703):1940–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Marshall JC, Acuña V, Allen DC, Bonada N, Boulton AJ, Carlson SM, et al. Protecting U.S. temporary waterways. Science. 2018 Aug 31;361(6405):856–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nemethy L. Business Exit Planning. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Kumar A, Zhang D, editors. Ethics and Policy of Biometrics: Third International Conference on Ethics and Policy of Biometrics and International Data Sharing, ICEB 2010, Hong Kong, January 4-5, 2010. Revised Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. VIII, 169 p. 15 illus. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 6005).

A chapter in an edited book

Lifschitz V. Datalog Programs and Their Stable Models. In: Moor O de, Gottlob G, Furche T, Sellers A, editors. Datalog Reloaded: First International Workshop, Datalog 2010, Oxford, UK, March 16-19, 2010 Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 78–87. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Pharmacy Technology.

Blog post

Luntz S. Some Of The Earth’s Original Crust Survives In Northern Canada. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Award of an Army Advanced Development Contract in 1971 to the Boeing Company Calling for the Design Fabrication and Testing of Certain Critical Advanced Technology Components. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1972 Dec. Report No.: B-176701.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Manjounes CK. An adult accelerated degree program: Student and instructor perspectives and factors that affect retention [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams J. Journalists In Australia Stage Strike Over Job Cuts. New York Times. 2017 May 3;A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Pharmacy Technology
Abbreviation	J. Pharm. Technol.
ISSN (print)	8755-1225
ISSN (online)	1549-4810
Scope	Pharmaceutical Science