How to format your references using the The Journal of Parasitology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Parasitology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Baker, M. 2015. Antibody anarchy: A call to order. Nature 527: 545–551.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lyons, T. W., and Reinhard, C. T. 2009. Early Earth: Oxygen for heavy-metal fans. Nature 461: 179–181.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gong, Y. et al. 2004. Planar cell polarity signalling controls cell division orientation during zebrafish gastrulation. Nature 430: 689–693.

A journal article with 3 or more authors

Enya, S. et al. 2014. A Halloween gene noppera-bo encodes a glutathione S-transferase essential for ecdysteroid biosynthesis via regulating the behaviour of cholesterol in Drosophila. Scientific reports 4: 6586.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Liebhart, R. et al. 2015. LTE for Public Safety. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Fu, Y. (Ed.). 2014. Human-Centered Social Media Analytics. Springer International Publishing, Cham, VIII, 208 p. 97 illus., 51 illus. in color p.

A chapter in an edited book

Ogisu, T. 2016. Pedagogy in Cambodian Schools. In The Political Economy of Schooling in Cambodia: Issues of Quality and Equity. Y. Kitamura et al. (eds.). Palgrave Macmillan US, New York, NY. p 57–75.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Parasitology.

Blog post

Taub, B. 2016. Oxytocin May Make You Better At Keeping A Beat. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2004. Financial Management Systems: Lack of Disciplined Processes Puts Implementation of HHS’ Financial System at Risk. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Quiroz, C. A. 2012. A community risk assessment of 90032. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K. 2006. Chocolate And a Touch Of Chic. New York Times: NJ6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Baker, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Lyons and Reinhard, 2009; Baker, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lyons and Reinhard, 2009)
Three authors: (Gong, Mo, and Fraser, 2004)
11 or more authors: (Enya, Ameku, Igarashi, Iga, Kataoka, Shinoda, and Niwa, 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Parasitology
Abbreviation	J. Parasitol.
ISSN (print)	0022-3395
ISSN (online)	1937-2345
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Parasitology

Research and Writing Guides