How to format your references using the The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Aanen DK: Developmental Biology. How a long-lived fungus keeps mutations in check. Science 2014; 346:922–923

A journal article with 2 authors

Hug C, Lodish HF: Medicine. Visfatin: a new adipokine. Science 2005; 307:366–367

A journal article with 3 authors

Tay Y, Rinn J, Pandolfi PP: The multilayered complexity of ceRNA crosstalk and competition. Nature 2014; 505:344–352

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ishikawa K, Takenaga K, Akimoto M, et al.: ROS-generating mitochondrial DNA mutations can regulate tumor cell metastasis. Science 2008; 320:661–664

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Minuth WW, Strehl R, Schumacher K: Tissue Engineering, Weinheim, FRG, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005

An edited book

Nater R: Dictionary of Weighing Terms: A Guide to the Terminology of Weighing, Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, 2009

A chapter in an edited book

Kusuoka S: A remark on law invariant convex risk measures, in Advances in Mathematical Economics, edited by Kusuoka S, Yamazaki A. Tokyo, Springer Japan, 2007, pp 91–100

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences.

Blog post

Andrew E: Asteroids Might Have Delivered Water To Earth [Internet]. IFLScience 2015; [cited 2018 Oct 30] Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/asteroids-might-have-delivered-water-earth/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: New Navajo Construction Activities on the Navajo and Hopi Joint-Use Area, Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1974

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bortle CD: The role of mnemonic acronyms in clinical emergency medicine: A grounded theory study2010;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lee L: A New Turn on Old Pots. New York Times 2008; F3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
Abbreviation	J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci.
ISSN (print)	0895-0172
ISSN (online)	1545-7222
Scope	Clinical Neurology Psychiatry and Mental health

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