How to format your references using the The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nowotny H: Science and society. High- and low-cost realities for science and society. Science 2005; 308:1117–1118

A journal article with 2 authors

Shizuka D, Lyon BE: Coots use hatch order to learn to recognize and reject conspecific brood parasitic chicks. Nature 2010; 463:223–226

A journal article with 3 authors

Victor DG, House JC, Joy S: Climate. A Madisonian approach to climate policy. Science 2005; 309:1820–1821

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Chen Z, Appenzeller J, Lin Y-M, et al.: An integrated logic circuit assembled on a single carbon nanotube. Science 2006; 311:1735

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Robinson N, Hall G, Fawcett W: How to Survive in Anaesthesia, Chichester, UK, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011

An edited book

Eilks I, Hofstein A (eds): Relevant Chemistry Education: From Theory to Practice, Rotterdam, SensePublishers, 2015

A chapter in an edited book

Salamon KS, Schwartz LA, Barakat LP: Resilience in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease and Cancer: Social Ecology Indicators of Health-Related Quality of Life, in Child and Adolescent Resilience Within Medical Contexts: Integrating Research and Practice, edited by DeMichelis C, Ferrari M. Cham, Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp 77–101

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences.

Blog post

Davis J: Fungal Infections Kill More People Globally Than Malaria Or TB [Internet]. IFLScience 2016; [cited 2018 Oct 30] Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/fungal-infections-kill-more-people-globally-than-malaria-or-tb/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Commuter Rail Service in Wisconsin and Illinois, Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1996

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Samble JN: Persistence and Advancement in NCAA Division I: Lived Experiences of Female Athletic Administrators2017;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart JB: Iconic Retailer in Slow Decline. New York Times 2017; B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
Abbreviation	J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci.
ISSN (print)	0895-0172
ISSN (online)	1545-7222
Scope	Clinical Neurology Psychiatry and Mental health