How to format your references using the The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Janin J (2008) Biochemistry. Dicey assemblies. Science 319: 165–166.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brandman O, Meyer T (2008) Feedback loops shape cellular signals in space and time. Science 322: 390–395.

A journal article with 3 authors

Runnels LW, Yue L, Clapham DE (2001) TRP-PLIK, a bifunctional protein with kinase and ion channel activities. Science 291: 1043–1047.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hickenboth CR, Moore JS, White SR, Sottos NR, Baudry J, Wilson SR (2007) Biasing reaction pathways with mechanical force. Nature 446: 423–427.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tung C-H, Sheng GTT, Lu C-Y (2005) ULSI Semiconductor Technology Atlas. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Svennerberg G (2010) Beginning Google Maps API 3. Berkeley, CA: Apress.

A chapter in an edited book

de Amorim RC, Fenner T (2012) Weighting Features for Partition around Medoids Using the Minkowski Metric. In J Hollmén, F Klawonn, A Tucker (Eds), Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis XI: 11th International Symposium, IDA 2012, Helsinki, Finland, October 25-27, 2012. Proceedings (pp 35–44). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) How Predictive Are Climate Models? IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/how-predictive-are-climate-models/ (last accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1995) Army Aviation Requirements ( No. NSIAD-96-81R). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ware SC (2014) Alcohol Consumption and Breast Cancer Risk in Older Women: A Modifiable Lifestyle Risk Factor (Doctoral dissertation). Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Risen J, Risen T (2017) Donald Trump Does His Best Joe McCarthy. New York Times SR2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Janin, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Brandman and Meyer, 2008; Janin, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brandman and Meyer, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Hickenboth et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
ISSN (print)	0022-3018
ISSN (online)	1539-736X
Scope

Research and Writing Guides