How to format your references using the The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pauluis OM (2015) Atmospheric science. The global engine that could. Science 347: 475–476.

A journal article with 2 authors

Clandinin TR, Giocomo LM (2015) Neuroscience: Internal compass puts flies in their place. Nature 521: 165–166.

A journal article with 3 authors

Raxworthy CJ, Forstner MRJ, Nussbaum RA (2002) Chameleon radiation by oceanic dispersal. Nature 415: 784–787.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Noginov MA, Zhu G, Belgrave AM, Bakker R, Shalaev VM, Narimanov EE, Stout S, Herz E, Suteewong T, Wiesner U (2009) Demonstration of a spaser-based nanolaser. Nature 460: 1110–1112.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

King JA, Timacheff S (2008) Digital Photography for Dummies®. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Publishing, Inc.

An edited book

Löhr I, Wenzlhuemer R (Eds) (2013) The Nation State and Beyond: Governing Globalization Processes in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhou Y, Benois-Pineau J, Nicolas H (2013) A Multi-Resolution Particle Filter Tracking with a Dual Consistency Check for Model Update in a Multi-Camera Environment. In N Adami, A Cavallaro, R Leonardi, P Migliorati (Eds), Analysis, Retrieval and Delivery of Multimedia Content (pp 71–90). New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) We Must Defend Science If We Want A Prosperous Future. IFLScience. (last accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1970) Controls Over Computer-Generated Output at the Naval Supply Center, Oakland ( No. 092817). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Naqvi SZ (2017) Around the World in 15 Bites: Applied Perspectives on Learning about Food (Doctoral dissertation). Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G (2015) A New York Icon Who Shone Just Outside the Bright Lights. New York Times B15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pauluis, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Clandinin and Giocomo, 2015; Pauluis, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Clandinin and Giocomo, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Noginov et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
ISSN (print)	0022-3018
ISSN (online)	1539-736X
Scope