How to format your references using the The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blow, Nathan. “Genomics: The Personal Side of Genomics.” Nature 449, no. 7162 (October 4, 2007): 627–30.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gosu, Vijayakumar, and Sangdun Choi. “Structural Dynamic Analysis of Apo and ATP-Bound IRAK4 Kinase.” Scientific Reports 4 (July 18, 2014): 5748.

A journal article with 3 authors

Li, L., Y. O. Dudin, and A. Kuzmich. “Entanglement between Light and an Optical Atomic Excitation.” Nature 498, no. 7455 (June 27, 2013): 466–69.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Galloway, James N., Alan R. Townsend, Jan Willem Erisman, Mateete Bekunda, Zucong Cai, John R. Freney, Luiz A. Martinelli, Sybil P. Seitzinger, and Mark A. Sutton. “Transformation of the Nitrogen Cycle: Recent Trends, Questions, and Potential Solutions.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 320, no. 5878 (May 16, 2008): 889–92.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Callard, Felicity, Norman Sartorius, Julio Arboleda-Flórez, Peter Bartlett, Hanfried Helmchen, Heather Stuart, Jose Taborda, and Graham Thornicroft. Mental Illness, Discrimination and the Law. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012.

An edited book

Hofmann, Erik. Ways Out of the Working Capital Trap: Empowering Self-Financing Growth Through Modern Supply Management. Edited by Daniel Maucher, Sabrina Piesker, and Philipp Richter. Vol. 1. Professional Supply Management. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Takayasu, Atsushi, and Noboru Kunihiro. “How to Generalize RSA Cryptanalyses.” In Public-Key Cryptography – PKC 2016: 19th IACR International Conference on Practice and Theory in Public-Key Cryptography, Taipei, Taiwan, March 6-9, 2016, Proceedings, Part II, edited by Chen-Mou Cheng, Kai-Min Chung, Giuseppe Persiano, and Bo-Yin Yang, 67–97. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2016.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. “Iron Levels Could Help Predict Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease.” IFLScience. IFLScience, May 20, 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. “Higher Education: Gaps in Parents’ and Students’ Knowledge of School Costs and Federal Aid.” Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, July 31, 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grace-McCaskey, Cynthia A. “Fishermen, Politics, and Participation: An Ethnographic Examination of Commercial Fisheries Management in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands.” Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, Michael. “THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: The Democrats; Clinton Says Bush Is Afraid Of Debating ‘Man to Man.’” New York Times, September 19, 1992.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies
ISSN (print)	1082-9636
ISSN (online)	1527-8263
Scope	General Arts and Humanities Cultural Studies