How to format your references using the The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Butler, D. “Public Library Set to Turn Publisher as Boycott Looms.” Nature 412, no. 6846 (August 2, 2001): 469.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brosi, Berry J., and Eric G. N. Biber. “Conservation. Citizen Involvement in the U.S. Endangered Species Act.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 337, no. 6096 (August 17, 2012): 802–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lissauer, Jack J., Rebekah I. Dawson, and Scott Tremaine. “Advances in Exoplanet Science from Kepler.” Nature 513, no. 7518 (September 18, 2014): 336–44.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Barderas, Rodrigo, Roi Villar-Vázquez, María Jesús Fernández-Aceñero, Ingrid Babel, Alberto Peláez-García, Sofía Torres, and J. Ignacio Casal. “Sporadic Colon Cancer Murine Models Demonstrate the Value of Autoantibody Detection for Preclinical Cancer Diagnosis.” Scientific Reports 3 (October 15, 2013): 2938.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kassapoglou, Christos. Design and Analysis of Composite Structures. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010.

An edited book

Shi, Donglu, ed. NanoScience in Biomedicine. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Aoun, Mario Antoine. “STDP within NDS Neurons.” In Advances in Neural Networks - ISNN 2010: 7th International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISNN 2010, Shanghai, China, June 6-9, 2010, Proceedings, Part I, edited by Liqing Zhang, Bao-Liang Lu, and James Kwok, 33–43. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2010.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. “How Did Life On Earth Start?” IFLScience. IFLScience, June 2, 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. “GPS: Actions Needed to Address Ground System Development Problems and User Equipment Production Readiness.” Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, September 9, 2015.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kao, Chao Hung. “Community Mental Health Care for Chinese Americans: A Grant Proposal.” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chira, Susan. “Mixed Signals on the Runways.” New York Times, February 15, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies
ISSN (print)	1082-9636
ISSN (online)	1527-8263
Scope	General Arts and Humanities Cultural Studies